有机紫外吸收剂对海洋生物的毒理效应
Toxicological Effects of Organic Ultraviolet Absorbers on Marine Organisms
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摘要: 有机紫外吸收剂(OUVs)广泛应用于个人护理品及油漆、塑料等工业产品中，并通过海上娱乐活动、陆源径流输入等方式进入海洋环境，对海洋生物产生内分泌干扰、遗传毒性和致畸致死性等危害。本文分别从体内和体外毒性综述了OUVs对海洋生物的毒理效应。在体内毒理实验中，OUVs在个体水平、组织水平和分子水平上均会对海洋生物(鱼类、贝类、甲壳类、棘皮类和珊瑚等)造成毒性效应，包括致死、生长发育毒性、组织病变、酶活性改变、基因变异和代谢异常等。在体外毒理实验中，OUVs影响海洋细菌、海藻及珊瑚细胞的生长，造成贻贝血细胞受损。最后，本文展望了OUVs在海洋生物毒理研究方面仍需努力的方向。Abstract: Organic ultraviolet absorbers (OUVs) are widely used in personal care products and various industrial products including paints and plastics. They can be released into the marine environment eventually via coastal recreational activities, riverine runoff, etc., and subsequently pose endocrine-disrupting, genotoxic, teratogenic, and lethal effects on marine organisms. The present paper reviewed the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of OUVs to marine organisms. In vivo tests demonstrated OUVs can cause various toxic effects including death, growth and development toxicity, tissue lesions, enzyme activity change, gene variation and metabolic abnormalities, etc. (fish, shellfish, crustaceans, echinoderms, corals, etc.) at the individual, tissue and molecular levels on marine organisms. In vitro tests revealed that OUVs can induce growth inhibition of marine bacteria, algae and coral cells, and damage the hemocyte of mussel. Finally, future directions of toxicity of OUVs on marine organisms are proposed.
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Key words:
- organic ultraviolet absorbers /
- marine organism /
- toxicity
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