氯代多氟烷基醚磺酸盐环境污染及治理研究进展
Environmental Pollution of Chlorinated Polyfluorinated Ether Sulfonates and Treatment Study: A Critical Review
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摘要: 氯代多氟烷基醚磺酸盐(chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates, Cl-PFESA)在中国作为全氟辛烷磺酸盐(perfluorooctane sulfonate, PFOS)替代物，被广泛应用于电镀工业中，Cl-PFESA是目前最具生物持久性的全氟和多氟化合物(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, PFASs)，潜在毒性与PFOS相当甚至高于许多传统PFASs。其在各环境、动物及人体中已被频繁检出，是水环境、生物体甚至人体中PFASs的主要贡献者。本文总结了Cl-PFESA在各种环境介质、生物体及人体中的赋存情况，分析了吸附法、还原法、机械化学法和电化学法等处理技术对Cl-PFESA的降解效果，并对Cl-PFESA环境行为研究和人类健康风险评估提出展望，以期为Cl-PFESA的生态风险评估和污染治理研究提供理论参考。
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关键词:
- 氯代多氟烷基醚磺酸盐 /
- 污染现状 /
- 毒性 /
- 降解研究
Abstract: Chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonates (Cl-PFESA) is widely used in the electroplating industry as a perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) alternative in China. However, Cl-PFESA is most the bio-persistent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), with potential toxicity comparable to or even higher than many traditional PFASs. It has been frequently detected in various environments, animals and humans. It is a major contributor to PFASs in aquatic environments, organisms and even humans. This paper summarizes the occurrence of Cl-PFESA in various environmental media, organisms and human body. Meanwhile, the degradation effects of adsorption, reduction, mechanochemistry and electrochemical treatment technologies on Cl-PFESA were analyzed. Moreover, the prospect of Cl-PFESA environmental behavior research and human health risk assessment are proposed. A theoretical reference for ecological risk assessment and pollution control research of Cl-PFESA can be provided. -
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