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传统活性污泥法是污水生物脱氮除磷工艺中的主流技术,其中反硝化除磷技术证明了聚磷不仅能在好氧条件下实现,也能在缺氧条件下利用硝酸盐作为电子受体氧化细胞内提前储存的聚-β-羟基丁酸,实现反硝化的同时完成过量吸磷。此工艺实现了同步脱氮除磷和降解有机物,节省碳源,不需曝气,低污泥产量,适合处理污水氮磷含量高且COD浓度低的污水[1]。然而我国北方城镇污水处理厂普遍存在冬季低温条件下脱氮除磷效果差的问题[2],如何提高低温条件下的脱氮除磷效率一直是污水处理的难点之一。
在氧化还原反应中,电子传递速率是制约反应进行快慢的一个重要因素[3]。有研究[4]表明,氧化还原介体能够加速电子从初级电子供体传递到最终电子受体,从而使反应速率提升一至几个数量级,其能够催化反硝化过程、增强硝基芳香族化合物的厌氧生物转化、对偶氮染料脱色具有促进作用[5-8]。笔者所在的课题组前期将氧化还原介体引入反硝化研究中,发现低温投加介体可以使硝态氮去除率相对空白提高1.5倍[9],但氧化还原介体是否会对污水低温生物反硝化除磷效率产生影响仍然未知。因此,本研究考察了介体对污水低温生物反硝化除磷影响及磷形态的变化,以期为解决低温条件下脱氮除磷效果差的问题寻找新的途径。
投加介体对污水低温生物反硝化除磷的影响及磷形态变化
Effect of redox mediator on sewage biological denitrifying phosphorus removal at low temperature and the change of phosphorus forms
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摘要: 污水生物反硝化除磷可以克服传统生物脱氮除磷工艺碳源不足的缺点,利用硝酸盐代替氧气作为电子受体,同时进行脱氮除磷和有机物去除,实现“一碳两用”,但是低温会降低反硝化除磷效率。在低温(10±1) ℃条件下,利用序批式反应器(SBR)(90 min厌氧,330 min缺氧,1#(空白对照)和2#(投加介体)),投加氧化还原介体1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸盐(NQS),研究了反硝化除磷效率的变化。结果表明:相较于空白对照实验,投加介体NQS强化了污水低温生物反硝化除磷效果,总氮去除率从37.67%提高至51.47%,提高了1.37倍;总磷去除率从53.45%提高至96.50%,提高了1.81倍。此外,研究还发现介体NQS的投加促进了水中磷酸盐形成有机磷(Org-P)的过程,污泥中磷的主要形态是可溶性磷(SRP)和Org-P,最大含量分别为35.78 mg∙L−1和51.09 mg∙L−1;空白对照反应器污泥中磷的主要形态是SRP和Fe-P,最大含量分别为45.61 mg∙L−1和40.67 mg∙L−1。以上研究结果可为低温条件下提高污水生物反硝化除磷效果提供参考。Abstract: The sewage biological denitrifying phosphorus removal technology can overcome the deficiency of carbon source in the traditional biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal process. It use nitrate as an electron acceptor instead of oxygen. Nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter removal occurs at the same time to achieve “one-carbon dual-use”. But denitrifying phosphorus removal efficiency will decrease at low temperature. In this study, the change of denitrifying phosphorus removal efficiency was investigated by adding the redox mediator 1, 2-naphthoquinone-4-sulfonic (NQS) in sequential batch reactors (SBRs) (90 min anaerobic, 330 min anoxic, 1# (the control), 2#(adding the redox mediator)) at low temperature(10±1) ℃. The results showed that the addition of NQS increased the sewage biological denitrifying phosphorus removal at low temperature compared with the control experiment. The total nitrogen removal rate increased from 37.67% to 51.47%, which increased by 1.37 times, and the total phosphorus removal rate increased from 53.45% to 96.50%, which increased by 1.81 times. In addition, the NQS promoted the transformation of phosphates to organic phosphorus (Org-P) in sewage, the main forms of phosphorus in the sludge were dissolved reactive phosphate (SRP) and Org-P, with the maximum contents of 35.78 mg∙L−1 and 51.09 mg∙L−1, respectively. In the control reactor, the main forms of phosphorus in the sludge were SRP and Fe-P, with the maximum contents of 45.61 mg∙L−1 and 40.67 mg∙L−1, respectively. This study provides theoretical support for improving the effect of biological denitrification phosphorus removal in wastewater at low temperature.
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Key words:
- redox mediator /
- denitrifying phosphorus removal /
- SRP /
- Org-P
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