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西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析

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曹夏, 周变红, 王锦, 刘文霞, 冯瞧, 张容端, 刘雅雯. 西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
引用本文: 曹夏, 周变红, 王锦, 刘文霞, 冯瞧, 张容端, 刘雅雯. 西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
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CAO Xia, ZHOU Bianhong, WANG Jin, LIU Wenxia, FENG Qiao, ZHANG Rongduan, LIU Yawen. Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon aerosol in Xi'an Urban Area[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
Citation: CAO Xia, ZHOU Bianhong, WANG Jin, LIU Wenxia, FENG Qiao, ZHANG Rongduan, LIU Yawen. Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon aerosol in Xi'an Urban Area[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
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西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析

  • 1. 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡, 721013;

  • 2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所, 中国科学院气溶胶化学物理重点实验室, 西安, 710061;

  • 3. 宝鸡市环境监测中心站, 宝鸡, 721006

    • 通讯作者: 周变红, E-mail: bhz620@163.com ; 
  • 基金项目:

    陕西省自然科学基础研究项目（2019JQ4041），陕西省重点研发项目（2018ZDCXL-SF-02-04），国家大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（DQGG-05-36），中国科学院气溶胶化学物理重点实验室项目（KLACP1903），宝鸡市科技局项目（2018-JH16）和宝鸡文理学院重点项目（ZK2017038，ZK2018049）资助.

Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon aerosol in Xi'an Urban Area

  • 1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation, College of Geography & Environment, Baoji University of Arts & Sciences, Baoji, 721013, China;

  • 2. Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China;

  • 3. Environmental Monitoring Center Station of Baoji, Baoji, 721006, China

    • Corresponding author: ZHOU Bianhong, bhz620@163.com ; 
  • Fund Project: Supported by Basic Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science(2019JQ4041), the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2018ZDCXL-SF-02-04), Key Projects on the Causes and Control of Heavy National Atmospheric Pollution(DQGG-05-36), Project of Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KLACP1903), Project of Baoji City Science and Technology Bureau(2018-JH-16) and Key Projects of Baoji College of Arts and Sciences(ZK2017038, ZK2018049).

  • 摘要: 为了了解西安城区的黑碳污染特征及潜在来源，利用AE-31黑碳仪于2015年3月-2016年2月在西安观测的黑碳（BC）质量浓度，得到西安市区BC质量浓度的变化特征，并基于黑碳仪模型以及浓度权重轨迹分析（CWT）对BC排放来源和潜在源区进行了分析.结果表明，观测期间西安市区BC质量浓度的变化范围为0.5-17.4 μg·m3，平均值为（4.1±2.9）μg·m3.BC平均浓度季节变化呈现出冬季（5.2±4.1）μg·m-3 > 秋季（4.7±3.7）μg·m-3 > 春季（3.2±2.4）μg·m-3 > 夏季（2.8±1.9）μg·m-3的递减趋势.BC浓度与温度呈负相关，这主要受冬季燃煤增加及不利气象条件的影响；其与能见度、降水和风速均呈负相关.各季节BC浓度日变化趋势基本一致，主要受边界层、交通排放及人类活动的影响，峰谷值分别出现在06：00-09：00和14：00-17：00时间段.由黑碳仪模型可知，BCff和BCbb在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节BC总浓度中占比分别71.9%和28.1%、75.5%和24.5%、76.2%和23.8%、54.8%和45.2%；由波长吸收指数（AAE）的分析可知，春、夏、秋、冬4个季节的AAE平均值分别为1.22±0.11、1.11±0.13、1.16±0.14和1.45±0.12.结合BCff，BCbb在4个季节中的贡献和AAE结果可知，西安市大气中的BC污染主要源自于化石燃料的燃烧，冬季生物质燃烧对BC的贡献增加.由CWT的结果分析可知，影响西安市BC高值区主要集中在西安南部和西南部.
    Abstract: To investigate the characteristics and potential sources of black carbon (BC) pollution in Xi'an, the mass concentrations of BC were measured from March 2015 to February 2016 in a urban site using AE-31 Aethalometer were used to obtain the characteristics of the variation of BC mass concentrations in Xi'an City, and the BC emission sources and potential source areas were analyzed based on the aethalometer model and concentration weighted trajectory analysis (CWT). The results showed that BC mass concentrations varied from 0.5 to 17.4 μg·m-3 during the sampling period, with a mean value of (4.1±2.9) μg·m-3. The seasonal averaged BC concentrations showed a decreased trend of winter (5.2±4.1)μg·m-3 > autumn (4.7±3.7)μg·m-3 > spring (3.2±2.4) μg·m-3 > summer (2.8±1.9) μg·m-3. BC was negatively correlated with temperature, which is mainly affected by the increase in coal burning in winter and adverse weather conditions, and it was negatively correlated with visibility, precipitation and wind speed. In general, diurnal variations of BC are consistent among different seasons, suggesting BC concentrations were mainly influenced by the boundary layer, traffic emissions and human activities. The peak and valley values appeared in the time period of 06:00-09:00 and 14:00-17:00 in all seasons, respectively. According to the "aethalometer model" method, BCff account for 71.9%, 75.5%, 76.2% and 54.8%, while BCbb account for 28.1%, 24.5%, 23.8% and 45.2% of the total BC concentrations in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. The analysis of Absorption Angstrom Exponent (AAE) showed that the averaged AAEs of spring, summer, autumn and winter are 1.22±0.11, 1.11±0.13, 1.16±0.14 and 1.45±0.12, respectively. Combined the contributions of BCff, BCbb in four seasons and the results of AAEs, we conclude that the BC in Xi'an mainly come from fossil fuels combustion. Moreover, the contribution of biomass burning to BC increased in winter. The concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis result showed that the south and southwest directions of Xi'an are the potential source regions for high concentration of BC.
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  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-15
曹夏, 周变红, 王锦, 刘文霞, 冯瞧, 张容端, 刘雅雯. 西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
引用本文: 曹夏, 周变红, 王锦, 刘文霞, 冯瞧, 张容端, 刘雅雯. 西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析[J]. 环境化学, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
shu
CAO Xia, ZHOU Bianhong, WANG Jin, LIU Wenxia, FENG Qiao, ZHANG Rongduan, LIU Yawen. Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon aerosol in Xi'an Urban Area[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
Citation: CAO Xia, ZHOU Bianhong, WANG Jin, LIU Wenxia, FENG Qiao, ZHANG Rongduan, LIU Yawen. Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon aerosol in Xi'an Urban Area[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2020, (11): 3072-3082. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2020061501
shu

西安城区黑碳气溶胶的污染特征及来源解析

    通讯作者: 周变红, E-mail: bhz620@163.com ; 
  • 1. 宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 宝鸡, 721013;
  • 2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所, 中国科学院气溶胶化学物理重点实验室, 西安, 710061;
  • 3. 宝鸡市环境监测中心站, 宝鸡, 721006
  • 收稿日期:  2020-06-15
基金项目:

陕西省自然科学基础研究项目（2019JQ4041），陕西省重点研发项目（2018ZDCXL-SF-02-04），国家大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目（DQGG-05-36），中国科学院气溶胶化学物理重点实验室项目（KLACP1903），宝鸡市科技局项目（2018-JH16）和宝鸡文理学院重点项目（ZK2017038，ZK2018049）资助.

摘要: 为了了解西安城区的黑碳污染特征及潜在来源，利用AE-31黑碳仪于2015年3月-2016年2月在西安观测的黑碳（BC）质量浓度，得到西安市区BC质量浓度的变化特征，并基于黑碳仪模型以及浓度权重轨迹分析（CWT）对BC排放来源和潜在源区进行了分析.结果表明，观测期间西安市区BC质量浓度的变化范围为0.5-17.4 μg·m3，平均值为（4.1±2.9）μg·m3.BC平均浓度季节变化呈现出冬季（5.2±4.1）μg·m-3 > 秋季（4.7±3.7）μg·m-3 > 春季（3.2±2.4）μg·m-3 > 夏季（2.8±1.9）μg·m-3的递减趋势.BC浓度与温度呈负相关，这主要受冬季燃煤增加及不利气象条件的影响；其与能见度、降水和风速均呈负相关.各季节BC浓度日变化趋势基本一致，主要受边界层、交通排放及人类活动的影响，峰谷值分别出现在06：00-09：00和14：00-17：00时间段.由黑碳仪模型可知，BCff和BCbb在春、夏、秋、冬4个季节BC总浓度中占比分别71.9%和28.1%、75.5%和24.5%、76.2%和23.8%、54.8%和45.2%；由波长吸收指数（AAE）的分析可知，春、夏、秋、冬4个季节的AAE平均值分别为1.22±0.11、1.11±0.13、1.16±0.14和1.45±0.12.结合BCff，BCbb在4个季节中的贡献和AAE结果可知，西安市大气中的BC污染主要源自于化石燃料的燃烧，冬季生物质燃烧对BC的贡献增加.由CWT的结果分析可知，影响西安市BC高值区主要集中在西安南部和西南部.

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