基于物种敏感度分布法的甲基叔丁基醚水生生物预测无效应浓度推导
Derivation of Predicted No Effect Concentrations for Methyl Tert-butyl Ether Using Species Sensitivity Distributions on Aquatic Organisms
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摘要: 甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)作为汽油添加剂被广泛使用，其具有较强的水溶性且在水体中难以被降解。为估算MTBE的预测无效应浓度(PNEC)，本研究通过文献调研法和数据库检索法收集MTBE危害信息，并对危害数据进行质量评估。采用物种敏感度分布(SSD)法预测不同种类水生生物5%物种危害浓度(HC5)，应用评估因子法推导获得PNEC值。数据质量评估结果显示，在调研的17篇文献179条数据中，高质量可靠数据54条，占评估数据的30%。另有33条来自数据库的数据满足质量要求。采用SSD法获得全部物种、鱼类、水生植物、节肢动物的HC5值，其中正态分布模型得到的HC5值分别为128.56、491.13、143.25和117.71 mg·L-1；逻辑斯谛分布模型得到的HC5值分别为129.62、485.78、151.83和121.5 mg·L-1。应用评估因子法估算出全部物种、鱼类、水生植物和节肢动物的PNEC分别为42.85、161.93、47.75和39.23 mg·L-1。研究表明，MTBE对不同种类水生生物的PNEC值存在差异，其中节肢动物生物相对敏感。本研究基于现有数据完成，以期为MTBE的环境风险评估及水质基准建立提供科学依据。
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关键词:
- 甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE) /
- 预测无效应浓度(PNEC) /
- 物种敏感度分布(SSD) /
- 数据质量评估
Abstract: Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is widely used as a gasoline additive with strong water solubility and the difficulty of degradation in water. In order to calculate the MTBE predicted no effect concentration (PNEC), this study collected MTBE hazard information by literature survey method, and evaluated the quality of the data. The species sensitivity distribution (SSD) method was used to predict the hazardous concentration for 5% of species (HC5) value of different aquatic organisms, and then the PNEC value was deduced by the evaluation factor method. The result of data quality evaluation showed that the 179 data of 17 literatures investigated have the high-quality and reliable data of 54, accounting for 30% of the evaluation data. In addition, 33 items of data in the database meet the quality requirements. The HC5 values of all species, fish, aquatic plants and arthropods obtained by SSD curve method were 128.56, 491.13, 143.25 and 117.71 mg·L-1 according to the normal distribution model. The values of HC5 obtained by Logistic distribution model were 129.62, 485.78, 151.83 and 121.5 mg·L-1, respectively. The PNEC values of all species, fish, aquatic plants and arthropods were 42.85, 161.93, 47.75 and 39.23 mg·L-1, respectively. The result showed that MTBE has different PNEC values for different kinds of aquatic organisms, and arthropod organisms are relatively sensitive to MTBE. Based on the existing data, the aim of study is to provide a scientific basis for the environmental risk assessment of MTBE and the establishment of water quality benchmark. -
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