镉单一及与扑草净复合污染对蚯蚓的毒性效应
Toxic Effects of Cadmium Single and Compound Pollution with Prometryne on Earthworms (Eisenia fetida)
-
摘要: 为评价重金属镉和除草剂扑草净对土壤动物的影响，以赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia foetida)为受试生物，以滤纸接触法、人工土壤法判断2种污染物的毒性效应，并通过人工土壤染毒法测定出镉单一和镉-扑草净复合污染对蚯蚓氧化应激反应的影响。结果表明：(1)采用滤纸接触法，测得镉对蚯蚓24 h和48 h的半致死浓度(LC50)分别为163.821 mg·L-1和96.336 mg·L-1；扑草净对蚯蚓24 h和48 h的LC50分别为46.469 mg·L-1和18.149 mg·L-1；(2)由人工土壤法结果可知，当镉单一作用时，蚯蚓体内抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)和过氧化物酶(peroxidase, POD)活性在整个实验周期内(7、14、21和28 d)随时间延长和浓度增加先升高后降低；谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(glutathione S-transferase, GST)活性在暴露初期被诱导，随时间延长、浓度增加而降低；(3)当镉-扑草净复合作用时，蚯蚓体内抗氧化酶活性在染毒初期被激活、后期随染毒时间的延长而降低；GST活性先降低后升高；在镉单一作用时丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量随时间延长先升高后降低，在与扑草净复合作用时先升高后降低。镉和扑草净复合污染在一定程度上降低镉单一污染对蚯蚓的氧化胁迫，随时间延长镉-扑草净复合污染仍会对蚯蚓造成氧化损伤。Abstract: Eisenia foetida was used to evaluate the toxic effects of cadmium and prometryne. The toxic effects of the two pollutants were judged by filter paper method and artificial soil method, and the effects of cadmium single and cadmium-prometryne compound pollution on the oxidative stress response of earthworms were determined by artificial soil exposure method. The results showed that: (1) The LC50 of cadmium to Eisenia foetida at 24 h and 48 h were 163.821 mg·L-1 and 96.336 mg·L-1, respectively. The LC50 of prometryne to Eisenia foetida at 24 h and 48 h were 46.469 mg·L-1 and 18.149 mg·L-1, respectively. (2) The activities of antioxidant enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) increased in the early stages of exposure and decreased in the late stages under cadmium exposure. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was induced at the initial stage of exposure and decreased with the increase of concentration. (3) The combination of cadmium and prometryn caused the antioxidant enzyme activity in earthworms to be activated at the beginning of the exposure period, and to be decreased at the later stage when the exposure period was prolonged. The activity of GST decreased first and then increased. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased first and then decreased with the prolongation of time under the single action of cadmium and showed an increasing-decreasing trend after combined action with prometryn. The combination of cadmium and prometryn reduced the oxidative stress in earthworms to a certain extent, but the combined pollutants still caused oxidative damage to earthworms on extended exposure.
-
Key words:
- cadmium /
- prometryn /
- earthworm /
- composite pollution /
- toxic effect /
- oxidative stress
-
-
赵慧, 何博, 王铁宇, 等. 我国南方典型城市土壤重金属污染特征及源汇关系分析[J]. 环境科学学报, 2019, 39(7): 2231-2239 Zhao H, He B, Wang T Y, et al. Pollution characteristics of heavy metals and source-sink relationship in typical city of the South China [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2019, 39(7): 2231-2239 (in Chinese)
陈能场, 郑煜基, 何晓峰, 等. 《全国土壤污染状况调查公报》探析[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2017, 36(9): 1689-1692 Chen N C, Zheng Y J, He X F, et al. Analysis of the Report on the National General Survey of Soil Contamination [J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2017, 36(9): 1689-1692 (in Chinese)
孟敏, 杨林生, 韦炳干, 等. 我国设施农田土壤重金属污染评价与空间分布特征[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2018, 34(11): 1019-1026 Meng M, Yang L S, Wei B G, et al. Contamination assessment and spatial distribution of heavy metals in greenhouse soils in China [J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2018, 34(11):1019-1026 (in Chinese)
郝汉舟, 靳孟贵, 李瑞敏, 等. 耕地土壤铜、镉、锌形态及生物有效性研究[J]. 生态环境学报, 2010, 19(1): 92-96 Hao H Z, Jin M G, Li R M, et al. Fractionations and bioavailability of Cu, Cd and Zn in cultivated land [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2010, 19(1): 92-96 (in Chinese)
倪中应, 谢国雄, 章明奎. 酸化对耕地土壤镉铅有效性及农产品中镉铅积累的影响[J]. 江西农业学报, 2017, 29(8): 52-56 Ni Z Y, Xie G X, Zhang M K. Effects of acidification on bioavailability of cadmium and lead in cultivated land soil and their accumulation in agricultural products [J]. Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi, 2017, 29(8): 52-56 (in Chinese)
梁栋. 扑草净降解菌DY-1的筛选、鉴定及特性的研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2016: 1-5 Liang D. Screening and identification of prometryn-degrading bacterium DY-1 and its characteristics [D]. Harbin: Northeast Agricultural University, 2016 : 1-5 (in Chinese)
石傲傲, 郑毅, 张坤, 等. 香根草对扑草净胁迫的响应和去除效果[J]. 福建农林大学学报: 自然科学版, 2021, 50(2): 170-177 Shi A A, Zheng Y, Zhang K, et al. Stress response and removal efficiency of Vetiveria zizanioides for prometryn [J]. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University: Natural Science Edition, 2021, 50(2): 170-177 (in Chinese)
陈立杰. 茶叶和茶园土壤中扑草净与莠去津残留快速测定技术[J]. 农药, 2019, 58(10): 745-748 Chen L J. Rapid determination technique for prometryn and atrazine residues in tea and tea garden soil [J]. Agrochemicals, 2019, 58(10): 745-748 (in Chinese)
曹军. 除草剂扑草净在土壤环境中的行为研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2008: 1-6 Cao J. Study on the behavior of prometryne in soil environment [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2008: 1 -6 (in Chinese)
张骞月, 吴伟. 扑草净在养殖水体中的生态毒理效应及其微生物降解的研究进展[J]. 生物灾害科学, 2014, 37(1): 64-69 Zhang Q Y, Wu W. Research advance in eco-toxical effects and microbial degradation of prometryne in aquaculture water [J]. Biological Disaster Science, 2014, 37(1): 64-69 (in Chinese)
刘长江, 门万杰, 刘彦军, 等. 农药对土壤的污染及污染土壤的生物修复[J]. 农业系统科学与综合研究, 2002, 18(4): 291-292 , 297 Liu C J, Men W J, Liu Y J, et al. The pollution of pesticides in soils and its bioremediation [J]. System Sciemces and Comprehensive Studies in Agriculture, 2002, 18(4): 291-292, 297 (in Chinese)
Jiang W Q, Gao J, Cheng Z, et al. The effect of antibiotics on the persistence of herbicides in soil under the combined pollution [J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 204: 303-309 Alvarado-Zambrano D, Green-Ruiz C R. Assessment of the pollution status and human health risk in soils from an agricultural valley in northwest Mexico [J]. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2019, 230(9): 1-13 孟顺龙, 瞿建宏, 宋超, 等. 农药灭多威和辛硫磷对罗非鱼的联合毒性研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2014, 33(2): 257-263 Meng S L, Qu J H, Song C, et al. Joint toxicity of pesticides methomyl and phoxim to tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) [J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2014, 33(2): 257-263 (in Chinese)
张融, 范文宏, 唐戈, 等. 水体中重金属镉和锌对大型蚤联合毒性效应的初步研究[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2008, 3(3): 286-290 Zhang R, Fan W H, Tang G, et al. A preliminary study on joint toxic effects of Cd and Zn on Daphnia magna [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2008, 3(3): 286-290 (in Chinese)
刘文丽, 徐冬梅, 刘惠君, 等. 异丙甲草胺对蚯蚓体重及酶活性的影响[J]. 环境科学学报, 2007, 27(12): 2025-2031 Liu W L, Xu D M, Liu H J, et al. Effects of metolachlor on the weight and enzyme activities of earthworms [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2007, 27(12): 2025-2031 (in Chinese)
卢春凤, 王以美, 彭双清, 等. 2,3,7,8-四氯二苯并二噁英和Aroclor 1254对大鼠睾丸的单独和联合毒性效应[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2009, 4(1): 63-68 Lu C F, Wang Y M, Peng S Q, et al. The alone and combined toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Aroclor 1254 on testes of rats [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2009, 4(1): 63-68 (in Chinese)
邵将, 张宗鹏, 谢宇震, 等. 蚯蚓在生态毒理试验中的应用研究[J]. 农业与技术, 2020, 40(16): 24-26 苏连水, 杨桂玲, 吴声敢, 等. 三唑磷和氯氟氰菊酯对蚯蚓的联合毒性效应[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(3): 294-301 Su L S, Yang G L, Wu S G, et al. The single and joint toxicity of tiazophos and cyhalothrin to earthworm [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(3): 294-301 (in Chinese)
丁龙, 李冬冬, 汪承润, 等. 土壤镉诱导赤子爱胜蚓的氧化损伤、防御反应及其致毒阈值[J]. 环境化学, 2014, 33(7): 1115-1122 Ding L, Li D D, Wang C R, et al. Oxidative damage, defense response and toxicity threshold in Eisenia foetida exposed to cadmium-polluted soils [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2014, 33(7): 1115-1122 (in Chinese)
Huang C D, Ge Y, Yue S Z, et al. Microplastics aggravate the joint toxicity to earthworm Eisenia fetida with cadmium by altering its availability [J]. The Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 753: 142042 宋欣媛, 吴培福, 吴博, 等. 草甘膦和扑草净对蚯蚓体内SOD和AChE酶活性的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2018, 40(2): 371-377 Song X Y, Wu P F, Wu B, et al. The activities of superoxide dismutase and acetyl cholinesterase in vivo earthworm affected by glyphosate and prometryn [J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2018, 40(2): 371-377 (in Chinese)
Sinkakarimi M H, Solgi E, Hosseinzadeh Colagar A. Interspecific differences in toxicological response and subcellular partitioning of cadmium and lead in three earthworm species [J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 238: 124595 Zhou H R, Zhang T X, Zhuang J Y, et al. Study on the regulation of earthworm physiological function under cadmium stress based on a compound mathematical model [J]. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2020, 80: 103499 张骞月, 吴伟. 扑草净在养殖水体中的生态毒理效应及其微生物降解的研究进展[J]. 生物灾害科学, 2014, 37(1): 64-69 Zhang Q Y, Wu W. Research advance in eco-toxical effects and microbial degradation of prometryne in aquaculture water [J]. Biological Disaster Science, 2014, 37(1): 64-69 (in Chinese)
刘修园, 赵海刚, 陈志厚, 等. 氟虫双酰胺对蚯蚓的生化毒性与细胞毒性研究[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2017, 12(4): 293-301 Liu X Y, Zhao H G, Chen Z H, et al. Biochemical toxicity and cytotoxicity of flubendiamide on earthworms (Eisenia fetida) [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2017, 12(4): 293-301 (in Chinese)
赵作媛, 朱江, 陆贻通, 等. 镉-菲复合污染对蚯蚓急性毒性效应的研究[J]. 上海交通大学学报: 农业科学版, 2006, 24(6): 553-557 Zhao Z Y, Zhu J, Lu Y T, et al. Acute toxicological effects of Cd and Phe single and combined pollution on earthworm Eisenia fetida [J]. Journal of Shanghai JiaoTong University: Agricultural Science, 2006, 24(6): 553-557 (in Chinese)
窦晶晶. Cd、Cr单一及复合污染对赤子爱胜蚓的毒理研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2015: 50-51 Dou J J. Individual and combined toxicity of cadmium and chromium on the earthworm Eisenia fetida [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2015: 50 -51 (in Chinese)
徐镜波, 袁晓凡, 郎佩珍. 过氧化氢酶活性及活性抑制的紫外分光光度测定[J]. 环境化学, 1997, 16(1): 73-76 Xu J B, Yuan X F, Lang P Z. The determination of enzymic activity and its inhibition on catalase by ultraviolet spectrophotometry [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 1997, 16(1): 73-76 (in Chinese)
Dhindsa R S, Plumb-Dhindsa P, Thorpe T A. Leaf senescence: Correlated with increased levels of membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation, and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase [J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1981, 32(1): 93-101 张志良, 瞿伟菁. 植物生理学实验指导[M]. 3版. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003: 123-124 Zhang Z L, Qu W J. Guide of Experiment of Plant Physiology [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2003: 123 -124 (in Chinese)
Habig W H, Pabst M J, Jakoby W B. Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation [J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1974, 249(22): 7130-7139 Livingstone D R, Martinez P G, Michel X, et al. Oxyradical production as a pollution-mediated mechanism of toxicity in the common mussel, Mytilus edulis L., and other molluscs [J]. Functional Ecology, 1990, 4(3): 415 Morgan J E, Morgan A J. The distribution and intracellular compartmentation of metals in the endogeic earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa sampled from an unpolluted and a metal-contaminated site [J]. Environmental Pollution, 1998, 99(2): 167-175 Vijver M G, Wolterbeek H T, Vink J P M, et al. Surface adsorption of metals onto the earthworm Lumbricus rubellus and the isopod Porcellio scaber is negligible compared to absorption in the body [J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2005, 340(1-3): 271-280 段晓尘. 重金属和有机污染物对赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)的生态毒理效应及机制差异[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2015: 6-10 Duan X C. Ecotoxicological effects and different mechanisms of heavy metal and organic pollutants on earthworm (Eisenia fetida) [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2015: 6 -10 (in Chinese)
王彦华, 俞卫华, 杨立之, 等. 22种常用除草剂对蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)的急性毒性[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2012, 7(3): 317-325 Wang Y H, Yu W H, Yang L Z, et al. Acute toxicity of twenty-two commonly used herbicides to earthworm (Eisenia fetida) [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2012, 7(3): 317-325 (in Chinese)
王飞菲, 郑梦梦, 刘树海, 等. 两种除草剂对蚯蚓的急性毒性及氧化胁迫效应[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2014, 9(6): 1210-1218 Wang F F, Zheng M M, Liu S H, et al. Acute toxicity and oxidative stress of two herbicides on earthworm Eisenia fetida [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2014, 9(6): 1210-1218 (in Chinese)
王艳, 马泽民, 吴石金. 3种PAEs对蚯蚓的毒性作用和组织酶活性影响的研究[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(2): 770-779 Wang Y, Ma Z M, Wu S J. Study on the effect of enzymatic activity and acute toxicity of three PAEs on Eisenia foetida [J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(2): 770-779 (in Chinese)
薛银刚, 王晓蓉, 顾雪元, 等. 四溴双酚A对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性及抗氧化防御系统酶的影响[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2009, 4(1): 93-100 Xue Y G, Wang X R, Gu X Y, et al. Acute toxicity of tetrabromobisphenol A to earthworms Eisenia fetida and its effects on antioxidant defense system enzymes [J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2009, 4(1): 93-100 (in Chinese)
姚洪伟, 沈根祥, 朱江, 等. 全氟辛烷磺酸对蚯蚓体内4种酶活性的影响[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2013, 36(4): 5-8 , 27 Yao H W, Shen G X, Zhu J, et al. Activity of antioxidant enzymes of PFOS pollution on Eisenia foetida [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 36(4): 5-8, 27 (in Chinese)
Pan L Q, Ren J Y, Liu J. Responses of antioxidant systems and LPO level to benzo(a)pyrene and benzo(k)fluoranthene in the haemolymph of the scallop Chlamys ferrari [J]. Environmental Pollution, 2006, 141(3): 443-451 徐楠, 施国新, 杜开和, 等. Hg、Cd及其复合污染对浮萍叶片的毒害研究[J]. 南京师大学报: 自然科学版, 2002, 25(3): 109-115 Xu N, Shi G X, Du K H, et al. The study on effect of Hg, Cd and their combined pollution in leaves of Lemna minor L. [J]. Journal of Nanjing Normal University: Natural Science Edition, 2002, 25(3): 109-115 (in Chinese)
Xu Q S, Min H L, Cai S J, et al. Subcellular distribution and toxicity of cadmium in Potamogeton crispus L. [J]. Chemosphere, 2012, 89(1): 114-120 刘嫦娥, 段昌群, 王旭, 等. 丁草胺和乙草胺对蚯蚓CAT和SOD活性的影响[J]. 环境化学, 2008, 27(6): 756-761 Liu C E, Duan C Q, Wang X, et al. Effects of butachlor and acetochlor in soil on antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) [J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2008, 27(6): 756-761 (in Chinese)
李艳强. 甲基叔丁基醚单一及与镉复合对蚯蚓生理指标和DNA损伤影响研究[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2015: 36-46 Li Y Q. Effects of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) of single factor and combined with cadmium on earthworm physiological indicators and DNA damage [D]. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2015: 36 -46 (in Chinese)
李紫薇. 苯醚甲环唑与镉复合作用对蚯蚓的毒性效应[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2020: 30-34 Li Z W. The toxic effects of difenoconazole and Cd combined pollution on earthworms [D]. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2020: 30 -34 (in Chinese)
平令文, 李现旭, 张翠, 等. DEP对蚯蚓抗氧化酶系的影响及DNA损伤[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(10): 4825-4833 Ping L W, Li X X, Zhang C, et al. Oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by DEP exposure in earthworms [J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(10): 4825-4833 (in Chinese)
蔡文贵, 秦洁芳, 贾晓平, 等. 邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯对翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)生化指标的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2012, 31(1): 100-105 Cai W G, Qin J F, Jia X P, et al. Effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on the biochemical indices of green mussel (Perna viridis) [J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2012, 31(1): 100-105 (in Chinese)
雷安平, 陈欢, 黎双飞, 等. 谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的功能、应用及克隆表达[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2009, 32(12): 85-91 Lei A P, Chen H, Li S F, et al. Function, application, cloning and expression of glutathione S-transferases [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2009, 32(12): 85-91 (in Chinese)
李倩倩. 三氯卡班和镉复合作用对蚯蚓的毒性研究[D]. 泰安: 山东农业大学, 2020: 33-38 Li Q Q. Toxicity of triclocarban and cadmium on earthworms [D]. Tai’an: Shandong Agricultural University, 2020: 33 -38 (in Chinese)
宋超, 陈家长, 胡庚东, 等. 除草剂氟乐灵及其降解过程对斑马鱼氧化应激状况的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2017, 26(3): 468-472 Song C, Chen J Z, Hu G D, et al. Effects of herbicide trifluralin and its degradation on the oxidative stress of zebrafish [J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2017, 26(3): 468-472 (in Chinese)
钟碧瑾, 姚丹, 刘娟娟, 等. 两种有机磷农药对沼水蛙蝌蚪抗氧化系统及MDA浓度的影响[J]. 福建师范大学学报: 自然科学版, 2009, 25(2): 91-96 Zhong B J, Yao D, Liu J J, et al. Effects of two organophosphorus insecticides on the antioxidant system and MDA content of Hylarana guentheri tadpoles [J]. Journal of Fujian Normal University: Natural Science Edition, 2009, 25(2): 91-96 (in Chinese)
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2555
- HTML全文浏览数: 2555
- PDF下载数: 73
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
