部分国家农用地土壤环境质量标准体系研究
Study on Soil Environmental Quality Standards Systems of Agricultural Land in Several Countries
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摘要: 中国、德国、加拿大、英国、日本和荷兰等国家已有较为完整的农用地土壤环境质量标准体系。笔者在分析这些国家农用地土壤环境质量标准体系的基础上，梳理了各国制定农用地土壤环境质量标准的方法、考虑因素以及标准的含义，比较得出各国农用地土壤环境质量标准的异同，以期为我国农用地土壤风险管控标准的优化提供参考和借鉴。参考各国农用地土壤环境质量标准体系的特点，基于我国现行标准的不足，本研究提出以下建议：我国可以开展农用地土壤环境基准研究；将人体健康风险纳入考虑范围内，加强背景值的调查和使用，考虑土壤、作物及地域差异，建立土壤-作物点位数据库，增加污染物项目。
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关键词:
- 农用地污染 /
- 土壤环境质量标准体系 /
- 风险限值 /
- 分级管制
Abstract: Quite integrated soil environmental quality standard systems for agricultural land have been established in countries like China, Germany, Canada, the United Kingdom, Japan, and the Netherlands. This study aims to shed light on improving the soil risk management and control standards for agricultural land. We summarize the soil environmental quality standards for agricultural land in these countries, and make comparisons about the methods, considered factors and implications of these standards. Based on our findings, we propose the following suggestions:studies on environmental criteria for agricultural land could be conducted in China; human health risk exposed to polluted agricultural land should be taken into account; the investigation and use of background value must be strengthened; the heterogeneities of soil, crops, and region need to be considered; soil-crop site database has to be built; and more pollutant types should be included. -
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