溶藻细菌HSY-03对赤潮异弯藻抗氧化系统的影响
Effects of Algicidal Bacterium HSY-03 on Antioxidant Defense System of Heterosigma akashiwo
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摘要: 为研究溶藻细菌HSY-03（Bacillus sp.）对赤潮异弯藻的溶藻机制，采用不同浓度HSY-03无菌上清液处理赤潮异弯藻藻细胞，测定藻细胞光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光效率、细胞内部活性氧（ROS）水平和抗氧化系统活性变化。结果表明，HSY-03无菌上清液作用24 h之后，赤潮异弯藻叶绿素a含量、类胡萝卜素含量和最大光化学效率（Fv/Fm值）均快速下降，表明藻细胞光合作用受到抑制；处理2 h后ROS含量即上升，至6 h后逐渐下降；处理12 h膜脂化过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）含量上升，至48 h达到峰值，表明藻细胞内部氧化损伤严重；藻细胞内抗氧化系统响应被激发，抗氧化酶系统超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性不同程度上升，以清除细胞内部ROS。非酶促抗氧化系统谷胱甘肽（GSH）和抗坏血酸（AsA）含量上升，二者协同作用清除ROS。这表明，HSY-03上清液可能通过影响光合作用和作用于藻体的膜结构，引起细胞氧化损伤，最终导致藻细胞死亡。研究结果表明，HSY-03可以作为一种长期环境友好型生物因子有效防治赤潮异弯藻。Abstract: In order toreveal the algicidal mechanism of bacteria HSY-03 (Bacillus sp.) on harmful algae Heterosigma akashiwo, the photosynthetic pigments contents, chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency, photosynthetic parameters, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and antioxidant systems activities in the algae cells treated with HSY-03 cell-free filtrate were measured. The results showed that chlorophyll a, carotenoids contents and chlorophyll a fluorescence Fv/Fm decreased rapidly after 24 h treatment by HSY-03 cell-free filtrate, indicating that bacterium HSY-03 inhibited the photosynthesis of the algae. The ROS contents increased after 2 h cell-free filtrate treatment then gradually decreased after 6 h treatment. Responses of antioxidant system of algae were stimulated. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) increased in different degrees to clear ROS in the algae cells. The activities of non-enzymatic antioxidant systems such as glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA) also increased, and both of them cooperated to eliminate ROS. These results suggested that the algicidal bacterium HSY-03 might affect the photosynthesis and the membrane structure of algae, cause cell oxidative damage, and eventually lead to cell death. Therefore, applying HSY-03 as a long-term and environmentally friendly bio-agent to control the harmful blooms of Heterosigma akashiwo, would be effective and promising.
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