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芳香胺类化合物广泛应用于染料、杀虫剂、橡胶制品及树脂等化工产品的生产合成中。这些产品的降解及生产废水的排放都会导致芳香胺释放到环境中[1]。由于芳香胺类化合物具有生物毒性,会造成肝肾等器官的损伤及“三致效应”[2]。因此,芳香胺类化合物亟待得到有效处理。
芬顿高级氧化法是一种高效处理芳香胺废水的方法,H2O2与亚铁离子(Fe2+)反应产生的HO·具有较高的氧化电位,可有效降解芳香胺类化合物。但传统的芬顿反应必须在酸性条件下进行,且须持续不断地投加芬顿试剂(Fe2+、H2O2),导致其成本较高。AHMADI等[3]利用PAC@Fe(Ⅱ)Fe2(Ⅲ)O4做催化剂构建光/电芬顿反应,使苯胺的降解率可达到93.8%,但该过程同样须引入光照并持续投加H2O2。为此,SEKAR等[4]利用微生物好氧呼吸产生的H2O2及铁还原菌厌氧还原Fe3+产生的Fe2+构建芬顿反应,并通过厌氧-好氧循环来不断地产生Fe2+和H2O2。然而,微生物好氧呼吸产生的H2O2非常有限。据研究[5-6],真菌G. trabeum胞外分泌的2,5-二甲氧基-1,4-氢醌和4,5二甲氧基-1,2-氢醌与Fe3+反应,产生Fe2+和醌自由基,后者与氧气反应产生H2O2,从而构建芬顿反应以降解聚乙二醇。然而,真菌生长速率缓慢,且产生的氢醌浓度也非常有限。KEREM等[5]研究表明,在有氧条件下,厌氧生物还原后的醌化合物可以自氧化产生醌自由基,进而与氧气发生反应,生成H2O2。
基于上述研究,本研究采取外加醌类化合物的方法来提高H2O2的产生量,在厌氧条件下,醌类化合物能够作为氧化还原介体[7]提高Fe3+还原为Fe2+的速率,从而加快芬顿反应的构建;为使醌化合物能够重复利用,采用化学方法将蒽醌-2-磺酸(AQS)固定在大孔聚氨酯泡沫上,来构建固定化醌耦合生物驱动的芬顿反应,并研究了该反应对苯胺和难生物降解的磺酸萘胺的降解性能。
固定化醌耦合生物驱动的芬顿反应对芳香胺的降解
Degradation of aromatic amines via immobilized quinone coupling microbially-driven Fenton reaction
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摘要: 构建了蒽醌-2-磺酸改性聚氨酯泡沫(AQS-PUF)耦合生物驱动的芬顿反应过程,并研究了其对芳香胺的降解性能。结果表明:芬顿反应所需的H2O2来自于AQS-PUF厌氧生物还原-好氧自氧化循环过程,而Fe2+来自于AQS-PUF介导的柠檬酸铁厌氧生物还原过程;芬顿反应的最适条件为0.20 mmol·L−1固定化AQS,0.16 g·L−1生物量,40 mmol·L−1乳酸钠和4.5 mmol·L−1柠檬酸铁;在最适条件下,通过厌氧-好氧(21 h/3 h)循环过程产生的H2O2最高可达42.9 μmol·L−1,循环7次后,苯胺和2-氨基-8-N-(4, 6-二氯-1, 3, 5-三嗪-2-基)氨基-1-萘酚-3, 6-二磺酸钠的去除率分别为48.6%和43.3%。傅里叶红外光谱分析表明,反应过程中AQS-PUF的结构损伤程度很小,可重复使用。由此可见,AQS-PUF应用在生物驱动的芬顿反应中,不仅降低了对生物产H2O2能力的要求,而且加速了厌氧还原柠檬酸铁过程,从而使AQS-PUF耦合生物驱动的芬顿反应在处理芳香胺类污染物方面具有潜在的应用价值。
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关键词:
- 蒽醌-2-磺酸改性聚氨酯泡沫 /
- 芬顿反应 /
- 芳香胺降解
Abstract: Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate sodium-modified polyurethane foam (AQS-PUF) coupling microbially-driven Fenton reaction was explored to degrade aromatic amines. The results showed that species of H2O2 for Fenton reactions were prepared via anaerobic bioreduction-aerobic autooxidation circles of AQS-PUF, whereas Fe2+ was produced through AQS-PUF-mediated anaerobic bioreduction of citrate-Fe. The optimal Fenton reaction conditions were following: 0.20 mmol·L−1 immobilized AQS, 0.16 g·L−1 biomass, 40 mmol·L−1 sodium lactate and 4.5 mmol·L−1 citrate-Fe. The generated H2O2 reached 42.9 μmol·L−1, and after 7 anaerobic-aerobic cycles, the removal efficiencies of aniline and 2-amino-8-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-trianzin-2-ylamino)-1-naphthol-3,6-disulfonate sodium were 48.6% and 43.3%, respectively. Through analysis by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the structure of AQS-PUF was negligibly destroyed and could be recycled. This system of AQS-PUF coupling microbially-driven Fenton reaction not only diminished H2O2 requirement generated by bacteria, but also accelerated anaerobic reduction of citrate-Fe, which provides a feasible approach for the treatment of aromatic amine pollutants. -
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