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随着污水处理厂污泥排放量的逐渐增加,未脱水剩余污泥给运输、贮存带来诸多问题,如果不能有效处理将会转移到大气、水体和土壤中,带来二次污染[1]。通常,传统机械脱水方式对污泥脱水效果比较有限,需要在机械脱水之前进行污泥调理。
目前的研究已经使用了几种调节过程以提高污泥脱水性能,包括化学、物理、生物调节过程。丁绍兰等[2]利用CaO2氧化处理污泥;张微[3]利用微生物絮凝剂处理富营养化水体;高明[4]利用壳聚糖絮凝剂调理污泥脱水。以上研究人员均仅单独应用调理剂处理污泥来改善脱水性能。
本研究采用CaO2与微生物絮凝剂或壳聚糖两两组合的方式调理污泥,并且优化投加顺序,重点研究CaO2与絮凝剂投加顺序对调理污泥改善脱水性能的影响。
过氧化钙联合絮凝剂调理污泥改善脱水性能
Calcium peroxide-flocculant joint conditioning sludge to improve its dewaterability
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摘要: 污泥经过CaO2联合絮凝剂处理后,其脱水性能得到明显改善。采用改变初始pH、调理剂投加量以及改变调理剂投加顺序的方法,调理污泥改善脱水性能;采用Zeta电位、激光粒度、胞外聚合物及结合水分析对调理前后的污泥进行了表征;研究了调理剂不同投加量对污泥脱水性能的影响;探讨了不同调理剂下污泥脱水机理。结果表明:CaO2联合絮凝剂(微生物絮凝剂或壳聚糖)明显改善污泥脱水降低污泥含水率;CaO2联合絮凝剂调理后的污泥粒径和Zeta电位均有所减小,并且CaO2在絮凝剂之前投加,降低幅度更加明显;先投加CaO2,污泥层状结构会在氧化作用下发生裂解破碎,形成不规则的小絮体,使污泥破坏得更彻底;在絮凝剂之前投加CaO2,污泥经过处理后的可溶性糖类和可溶性蛋白质的浓度增加,而结合的糖类、蛋白质及结合水的变化量却减小。因此,CaO2联合絮凝剂可以优化污泥脱水性能,且CaO2与絮凝剂的投加顺序对于污泥脱水有显著影响。Abstract: Sludge was treated by the combination of CaO2 and flocculant, its dewatering performance was obviously improved. Through changing the initial pH, dosage of conditioner and changed the adding order of conditioner to condition sludge, its dewaterability was improved. The sludge before and after conditioning was characterized by Zeta potential, laser particle size and combined water analysis. The effect of different dose of conditioning agent on sludge dewatering performance was studied. The sludge dewatering mechanisms with different conditioning agents conditioning was discussed. The results show that CaO2-flocculants (microbial flocculant and chitosan) joint conditioning could significantly improve sludge dehydration and reduce water content. Both particle size and Zeta potential of conditioned sludge by CaO2-flocculant joint conditioning decreased, and more significant decrease occurred when CaO2 was dosed before flocculant. As CaO2 was added first, the layered structure of the sludge could be disrupted under oxidation to form small irregular flocs, and sludge was thoroughly destroyed. The concentration of soluble sugars and proteins in conditioned sludge increased when CaO2 was added before flocculant, while the change amounts of bound carbohydrates, proteins, and bound water were reduced. Therefore, the joint conditioning of CaO2 and flocculant could optimize sludge dewatering performance, and the dosing order of CaO2 and flocculant has a significant effect on sludge dewatering.
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Key words:
- sludge dewatering /
- calcium peroxide /
- microbial flocculant /
- sludge conditioning /
- adding sequence
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表 1 调理及投加量
Table 1. Conditioning and dosage
调理剂 调理剂投加量/
(g·mL−1)比阻SRF/
(1013 m·kg−1)含水率/% CaO2 0.8 9.93 90.06 1.0 5.77 83.76 1.2 10.43 92.27 微生物絮凝剂 4.0 7.18 91.04 5.0 5.38 88.41 6.0 11.14 90.20 壳聚糖 4.0 11.03 91.48 5.0 10.48 90.94 6.0 13.61 92.20 原泥 0 15.55 92.72 表 2 调理剂投加方式
Table 2. Methods of conditioner dosing
调理剂 投加量/(g·L−1) 投加顺序 最佳温度/℃ CaO2 微生物絮凝剂 壳聚糖 原泥 0 0 0 300 r·min−1搅拌10 min 30 CaO2-微生物絮凝剂 0.1 0.5 0 CaO2 300 r·min−1搅拌3 min,微生物絮凝剂500 r·min−1搅拌7 min 30 微生物絮凝剂-CaO2 0.5 0.1 0 微生物絮凝剂500 r·min−1搅拌7 min,CaO2 300 r·min−1搅拌3 min 30 CaO2-壳聚糖 0.1 0 0.1 CaO2 300 r·min−1搅拌5 min,壳聚糖300 r·min−1搅拌5 min 30 壳聚糖-CaO2 0.1 0 0.1 壳聚糖300 r·min−1搅拌5 min,CaO2 300 r·min−1搅拌5 min 30 -
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