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吴清茹, 王书肖, 惠霂霖. 污酸处理过程的汞流向[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(9): 4965-4970. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201612084
引用本文: 吴清茹, 王书肖, 惠霂霖. 污酸处理过程的汞流向[J]. 环境工程学报, 2017, 11(9): 4965-4970. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201612084
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WU Qingru, WANG Shuxiao, HUI Mulin. Mercury flow during waste acid disposal processes[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(9): 4965-4970. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201612084
Citation: WU Qingru, WANG Shuxiao, HUI Mulin. Mercury flow during waste acid disposal processes[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2017, 11(9): 4965-4970. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201612084
shu

污酸处理过程的汞流向

  • 1.

    清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084

  • 2.

    国家环境保护大气复合污染来源与控制重点实验室, 北京 100084

  • 基金项目:

    国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2013CB430001）

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（21607090）

  • 中图分类号: X703

Mercury flow during waste acid disposal processes

  • 1.

    State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

  • 2.

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China

  • Fund Project:

  • 摘要: 污酸是有色金属生产中汞的主要输出副产物。污酸处理过程的汞污染控制直接影响有色金属冶炼行业汞向水体的排放情况。选择6家有色金属冶炼企业开展污酸处理过程的汞流向研究。研究发现，测试冶炼厂污酸汞浓度分布在0.3~90 μg·mL-1范围内。污酸渣的汞浓度为73~26 354 μg·g-1；锌厂1和铜厂1硫化渣的汞浓度分别为404 218 μg·g-1和10 972 μg·g-1。石膏渣的汞浓度普遍低于污酸渣和硫化渣的汞浓度。污酸处理过程，汞主要进入到各种处理渣中。测试冶炼厂污酸处理过程的脱汞效率为87.2%~99.9%。相对于石灰中和法和石灰铁盐法，中和硫化法和硫化-石灰铁盐法的脱汞效果相对稳定，且对低汞污酸有较高的脱汞效率。测试冶炼厂最终排放水的汞浓度分布在0.006~0.065 μg·mL-1的范围内，存在部分冶炼厂超标排放的情况。
    Abstract: Waste acid is the dominant Hg-containing byproduct of nonferrous metals production processes. The mercury pollution control during the waste acid disposal processes directly impacts aquatic mercury release. This study conducted a mercury flow investigation in the waste acid disposal processes of six nonferrous metal smelters. Our study found that mercury concentrations in the waste acid were in the range of 0.3 to 90 μg·mL-1. The mercury concentrations in the waste acid slags were from 73 to 26 354 μg·g-1. The mercury concentrations in the sulfide slag of zinc smelter 1 and copper smelter 1 were 404 218 μg·g-1 and 10 972 μg·g-1, respectively. In generaly, mercury concentrations in the desulfurization slags were much lower than those in the waste acid slag and the sulfide slag. During the waste acid disposal processes, most mercury was released to the above slags. The mercury removal efficiencies during the waste acid disposal processes ranged from 72.9% to 99.9%. Compared to the lime neutralization method and the lime iron salt method, the vulcanization method removed mercury from low-mercury waste acid more stably. Mercury concentrations in the discharge water samples ranged from 0.006 to 0.065 μg·mL-1, some of which exceeded the emission standards.
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  • [1] Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme and United Nations Environment Programme. Global mercury assessment[R]. Geneva, Switzerland:AMAP/UNEP, 2002
    [2] United Nations Environment Programme. Minamata convention on mercury[R]. Minamata, Japan:UNEP, 2013
    [3] ZHANG L, WANG S X, WANG L, et al. Updated emission inventories for speciated atmospheric mercury from anthropogenic sources in China[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(5):3185-3194
    [4] HUI M, WU Q, WANG S, et al. Mercury flows in China and global drivers[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016, 51(1):222-231
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    [6] ZHANG L, WANG S X, WU Q R, et al. Were mercury emission factors for Chinese non-ferrous metal smelters overestimated? Evidence from onsite measurements in six smelters[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2012, 171:109-117
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    [9] WU Q R, WANG S X, HUI M L, et al. New insight into atmospheric mercury emissions from zinc smelters using mass flow analysis[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(6):3532-3539
    [10] 王庆伟. 铅锌冶炼烟气洗涤含汞污酸生物制剂法处理新工艺研究[D]. 长沙:中南大学,2011
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    [12] 中华人民共和国环境保护部, 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 铅、锌工业污染物排放标准:GB 25466-2010[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社, 2010
    [13] 邵立南, 杨晓松. 有色金属冶炼污酸处理技术现状及发展趋势[J]. 有色金属工程, 2013, 3(5):59-60
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  • 收稿日期:  2017-02-02
  • 刊出日期:  2017-08-26

污酸处理过程的汞流向

  • 1.  清华大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室, 北京 100084
  • 2.  国家环境保护大气复合污染来源与控制重点实验室, 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:  2017-02-02
基金项目:

国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2013CB430001）

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（21607090）

摘要: 污酸是有色金属生产中汞的主要输出副产物。污酸处理过程的汞污染控制直接影响有色金属冶炼行业汞向水体的排放情况。选择6家有色金属冶炼企业开展污酸处理过程的汞流向研究。研究发现，测试冶炼厂污酸汞浓度分布在0.3~90 μg·mL-1范围内。污酸渣的汞浓度为73~26 354 μg·g-1；锌厂1和铜厂1硫化渣的汞浓度分别为404 218 μg·g-1和10 972 μg·g-1。石膏渣的汞浓度普遍低于污酸渣和硫化渣的汞浓度。污酸处理过程，汞主要进入到各种处理渣中。测试冶炼厂污酸处理过程的脱汞效率为87.2%~99.9%。相对于石灰中和法和石灰铁盐法，中和硫化法和硫化-石灰铁盐法的脱汞效果相对稳定，且对低汞污酸有较高的脱汞效率。测试冶炼厂最终排放水的汞浓度分布在0.006~0.065 μg·mL-1的范围内，存在部分冶炼厂超标排放的情况。

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