含油污泥热化学清洗剂的研制与清洗效果实验分析
Development of chemical cleaning agents of oily sludge and analysis of washing effect experiment
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摘要: 含油污泥是严重影响油田生产环境的一大危险废物，不仅含有大量原油资源，且处理难度大。本文针对吉林油田含油污泥，筛选几种有利于油、水和泥分离的药剂进行复配，通过正交实验确定OP-10（D）：SDS（B）：PAC（G）=2：3：3的最佳清洗剂配比，运用热化学清洗法从含油污泥中回收原油。利用单因素实验法分别考察了热洗温度、液固比、搅拌强度、搅拌时间、热洗次数及pH值单一因素对样品含油污泥清洗效果的影响。实验结果表明，最佳工艺条件为：选取热洗温度80℃，液固比为4：1，药剂量为1%，搅拌强度为120 r·min-1，搅拌时间为30 min，pH为8，热洗后的清洗废液经处理调整至初次清洗浓度可循环利用。在最佳工况下，将含油率为51.13%的污泥样品洗至脱油率为96.75%，较好的回收了污泥中的原油，达到了保护环境的目的，具有经济价值。Abstract: Oily sludge seriously affects, and has become a large source of hazardous waste in, oilfield production environments. Not only does it contain many crude oil resources, but it is also difficult to handle. The aim of the work reported in this paper, was the screening of several chemicals potentially beneficial for separating oil, water, and mud from oily sludge in the Jilin Oil Field. Using orthogonal experiments to determine the best ratio of the cleaners OP-10 (D), SDS (B), and PAC (G);it was found that 2:3:3 was the best cleaner ratio. By applying the method of thermal chemical cleaning, crude oil recovery from the oil sludge was possible. Using the single factor experiment method, the effects of thermal washing temperature, liquid-solid ratio, agitation intensity, agitation times, thermal washing times, and pH on the washing of oil sludge samples were investigated. The test results show that the optimum technological conditions for cleaning were:agitation for 30 min at 80℃, agitation speed 120 r·min-1, liquid-solid ratio 4:1, cleaning agent at 1%, and pH 8. The washing waste liquid remaining (after thermal chemical washing of the sludge) is adjustable to the initial cleaning concentration and can be recycled. Under optimum conditions, a de-oiling rate of 96.76% was achieved by washing an oily sludge sample with 51.13% cleaner. This approach provided better recovery of the sludge oil, achieved the purpose of protecting the environment, and had economic value.
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Key words:
- oily sludge /
- thermal chemical washing /
- cleaning agent /
- deoiling rate /
- environmental protection
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