摘要:
为研究有机锡化合物对海洋生物抗氧化防御系统和神经系统的影响,以我国东南沿海常见的中下层增养殖鱼类红鳍笛鲷(Lutjanus erythopterus)幼鱼为实验生物,采用半静态毒性实验方法,分别研究了三丁基氯化锡(tributyltin chloride,TBTCl)的急性毒性和96 h暴露时间内对红鳍笛鲷幼鱼鳃、脑和肝脏组织生化指标的影响。结果表明:(1) TBTCl对红鳍笛鲷幼鱼的24 h-LC50、48 h-LC50和96 h-LC50分别为29.05、22.95和19.92μg·L-1,对鱼类的毒性作用较大;(2)红鳍笛鲷幼鱼各生化指标对TBTCl暴露的指示作用存在敏感性和时间性差异,其中SOD活性最为敏感,AChE活性和MDA含量敏感性次之,同时AChE活性和MDA含量对TBTCl暴露早期的指示作用比较明显;(3)鳃和肝脏中抗氧化酶活性的变化存在组织差异,整个暴露阶段肝脏中SOD活性和MDA含量均表现为"抑制-诱导-抑制"的变化趋势,但在鳃组织中则表现为先诱导后抑制的变化规律,这种差异与生物体组织代谢途径和毒性作用机制有关。研究表明,TBTCl对红鳍笛鲷幼鱼抗氧化防御系统影响明显,与AChE活性相结合可以很好地反映有机锡污染对海洋鱼类的毒性效应。
Abstract:
To study the antioxidant and neural responses of marine organisms exposed to tributyltin chloride(TBTCl),the semi-static toxicity test with different concentrations of TBTCl was conducted to determine median lethal concentration and biochemical indices of juvenile crimson snapper(Lutjanus erythopterus) after exposure of 6,24,48 and 96 hours,respectively.The results showed that:(1) The 24 h-LC50,48 h-LC50 and 96 h-LC50 of TBTCl for juvenile crimson snapper were 29.05,22.95 and 19.92 μg·L-1,respectively.Therefore,TBTCl was estimated to be a kind of high-toxicity pollutant for aquatic organism.(2) All physiological and biochemical indices differed in their sensitivity and timeliness of response to TBTCl,among which,SOD activity was most sensitive,followed by AChE activity and MDA content.The effects of TBTCl on AChE activity and MDA content were more obvious during the early stage of TBTCl exposure.(3) Changes of antioxidant enzymes were different between liver and gill.The SOD activity and MDA content in liver tissue were inhibited firstly,then promoted and afterwards inhibited.However,the activities of the two antioxidant indices in gill tissue were promoted and then were inhibited subsequently.The obvious toxic effect of TBTCl on biochemical indices of juvenile crimson snapper indicated that these indices such as SOD and AChE were good biomarkers for monitoring organotin pollution,and more attention must be paid to the potential hazards to inshore fishery resource and ecological safety.
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