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磺胺类抗生素(sulfonamides,SAs)是一类具有对氨基苯磺酰胺结构的抗菌药物,因其抗菌谱广、使用方便、价格低廉,在饲料添加剂或渔药中被经常使用. 水产养殖中,无论将药物混合在饲料中,还是直接池塘泼洒,药物都会溶于水体,而水体中残留的药物容易污染周围的河流、湖泊等自然水域[1-2]. 水环境中抗菌药物较高浓度的残留,可能会诱导细菌耐药性,对人体产生健康风险[3].
近年来,磺胺类抗生素的检测方法主要有高效液相色谱法(HPLC)[4-5]、液相色谱-串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)[6-8]、酶联免疫分析法(ELISA)[9]等. 我国农村农业部发布了SC/T 9436-2020 《水产养殖环境(水体、底泥)中磺胺类药物的测定》,该标准提出对水产养殖环境中磺胺类药物使用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行测定[10]. 由于水体中抗生素的浓度较低,且存在大量的干扰物,因此在上机分析前需要对目标物进行分离和富集. 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法因其检测灵敏度高、结果选择性好的特点, 已广泛应用于复杂基质中痕量物质的检测. 本文使用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱联用技术,建立了水产养殖水体中21种磺胺类药物残留量的测定方法,供相关检测人员参考使用.
超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产养殖水体中21种磺胺类抗生素残留量
Determination of sulfonamides in water from aquaculture environment by UHPLC-MS/MS
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摘要: 本文建立了一种使用超高效液相色谱和三重四极杆质谱仪联用测定水产养殖水体中21种磺胺类抗生素残留量的方法. 水体样品经过Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化后,使用C18色谱柱进行分离. 采用正离子模式进行电离,通过多反应监测模式对目标化合物进行测定. 使用内标法定量,磺胺脒等21种磺胺类抗生素在5—50 ng·mL−1范围内线性良好,所得校准曲线线性相关系数在0.995以上. 本方法在养殖水体中21种磺胺类抗生素残留的定量限均为0.63 ng·mL−1,且精密度和不同浓度水平的加标回收率实验结果良好.Abstract: To establish a quick and sensitive analytical method for the determination of 21 sulfonamides in water samples from aquaculture environment by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The water samples were extracted and cleaned by Solid Phase Extraction through Oasis HLB columns, and then Velox SP- C18 column was used for separation. The target compounds were determined by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and quantified by internal standard method. It was shown that the analysis of one sample needed only 12.5 minutes. The calibration curve of 21 sulfonamides residues were constructed with correlation coefficients (r) more than 0.995, respectively. Good reproducibility on both retention time and peak area were observed. The quantitation limit of 21 sulfonamides were all 0.63 ng·mL−1 in this method. The method could be used for fast and accurate quantitative determination of 21 sulfonamides residues in water.
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Key words:
- tandem mass spectrometry /
- water /
- sulfonamides /
- solid phase extraction.
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表 1 磺胺类抗生素质谱采集参数
Table 1. Parameters for MS/MS analysis of sulfonamides
编号 化合物名称 英文名称 前体离子 产物离子 Q1 pre/V CE Q3 Pre/V 1 磺胺脒 Sulfaguanidine 215.05 92.05* −16 −25 −36 108.05 −16 −22 −22 2 磺胺醋酰 Sulfacetamide 215.05 92.05* −23 −23 −17 108.05 −16 −22 −22 3 磺胺嘧啶 Sulfadiazine 251.00 156.00* −30 −15 −29 92.05 −30 −25 −17 4 磺胺二甲嘧啶 Sulfamethazine 279.00 186.00* −30 −17 −20 92.05 −30 −31 −17 5 磺胺噻唑 Sulfathiazole 256.00 156.00* −30 −14 −30 92.05 −30 −28 −17 6 磺胺吡啶 Sulfapyridine 250.00 92.05* −30 −27 −17 156.00 −30 −16 −29 7 磺胺甲基嘧啶 Sulfamerazine 265.00 156.00* −30 −17 −28 92.10 −30 −28 −17 8 磺胺对甲氧嘧啶 Sulfameter 281.10 156.10* −30 −17 −29 108.10 −30 −26 −21 9 磺胺二甲唑 Sulfamoxole 268.10 156.10* −30 −15 −29 92.10 −30 −28 −17 10 磺胺甲噻二唑 Sulfamethizole 271.00 156.00* −23 −14 −16 108.00 −22 −23 −19 11 磺胺索嘧啶 Sulfisomidine 279.00 156.00* −27 −19 −16 186.00 −30 −17 −19 12 甲氧苄啶 Trimethoprim 291.10 230.15* −14 −23 −26 123.10 −14 −24 −24 13 磺胺甲氧哒嗪 Sulfamethoxypyridazine 281.00 156.00* −30 −17 −30 92.05 −30 −30 −17 14 磺胺氯哒嗪 Sulfaclorazina 285.00 156.00* −30 −14 −29 92.05 −30 −29 −17 15 磺胺甲噁唑 Sulfamethoxazole 254.00 156.00* −30 −16 −29 92.00 −30 −28 −17 16 磺胺间甲氧嘧啶 Sulfamonomethoxine 281.00 156.00* −12 −18 −16 108.00 −23 −18 −22 17 磺胺多辛 Sulfadoxine 311.00 156.00* −28 −26 −16 108.00 −30 −30 −19 18 磺胺异噁唑 Sulfisoxazole 268.10 156.00* −20 −13 −18 113.10 −20 −15 −24 19 磺胺苯吡唑 Sulfaphenazole 315.10 158.10* −30 −28 −30 92.05 −30 −21 −30 20 磺胺地索辛 Sulfadimethoxine 311.00 156.05* −23 −22 −29 92.05 −23 −35 −17 21 磺胺喹噁啉 Sulfaquinoxaline 301.00 155.95* −23 −17 −29 92.05 −23 −30 −17 22 氘代磺胺邻二甲氧嘧啶-D3 Sulfadoxine-D3 314.05 92.05* −23 −35 −17 156.00 −28 −26 −16 注:*表示定量离子 -
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