磷石膏堆存过程中重金属的迁移转化及其生态效应
Migration and Transformation of Heavy Metals in Phosphogypsum Storage Process and Their Ecological Effect
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摘要: 随着磷化工行业的快速发展，磷石膏作为其典型固体副产物表现出产排量大、堆存基数大以及资源化利用率低等一系列特征，其处理与处置问题成为磷化工企业实现可持续发展、保护公众健康和环境的重大挑战。目前对磷石膏堆存过程中有害重金属物质的迁移转化规律的研究比较少，且磷石膏内有害成分形态多变，这严重制约了其后续的资源化利用。本综述在总结国内外磷石膏中有害物质相关研究的基础上，重点阐述了磷石膏堆存过程中重金属在水体、土壤、地壳、植物体以及液固相中的迁移转化规律，并分析了其对环境各相产生的生态危害效应及途径，为磷石膏中重金属污染特性研究以及无害化、资源化利用途径提供了理论支撑。Abstract: With the rapid development of the phosphorus chemical field, phosphogypsum, as a one of typical solid by-product, presents a series of characteristics such as large production capacity and large storage base with a low resource utilization rate. The treatment and disposal of the phosphogypsum have become a major challenge for phosphorus chemical enterprises to achieve sustainable development and protect public health and the environment. At present, there are few studies on the migration and transformation of harmful heavy metals in the phosphogypsum stacking process, and the variable forms of harmful components in phosphogypsum have seriously restricted its subsequent resource utilization. Based on the domestic and foreign researches on the hazardous substances in phosphogypsum, this review has analyzed and discussed the migration and transformation behavior of heavy metals in the water body, soil, crust, plant body, liquid-solid phase during phosphogypsum stacking period. At the same time, the ecological harmful effects and pathways of phosphogypsum on various environmental stages were analyzed in detail, which has provided theoretical support for the study of the pollution characteristics of heavy metals pollution in phosphogypsum and proposed possible ways to harmless and resourceful utilization.
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Key words:
- phosphogypsum /
- heavy metals /
- migration and transformation /
- ecological effect
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