多溴联苯醚类污染物在水体中的分布、转化和生态毒性研究进展
Distribution, Transformation and Ecotoxicity of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Aquatic Environments: A Review
-
摘要: 多溴联苯醚（poly brominated diphenyl ethers，PBDEs）作为一种持久性有机污染物，在水体环境中分布广泛且检出率高，一直受到广泛关注。本综述从PBDEs类污染物在水体中的分布、转化再到生态毒性，比较全面地阐述了目前水环境中PBDEs的污染现状。对PBDEs在水环境中的分布特征和组成特征研究发现，PBDEs在水环境中已无处不在，海洋和地下水均遭受到污染，且在淡水水体中工业区的污染严重程度远高于低工业区。在水环境中以BDE-209污染为主，随着与污染源距离增大，BDE-209的相对丰度呈现下降趋势。PBDEs可在水生生物体内进行转化，高溴代PBDEs转化为低溴代PBDEs或者氧化还原为其他PBDEs的衍生物。在水环境中的PBDEs对水生生物具有生殖毒性、神经毒性以及血管毒性等毒性效应，可以抑制胚胎发育和生物的生长繁殖。本文从分布、转化和生物效应3个方面概述PBDEs在水体中的环境行为以及潜在风险，为之后PBDEs的研究以及风险评估提供了一定的参考价值，能够推动对PBDEs治理的科学化、精准化和系统化。Abstract: As persistent organic pollutants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were widely distributed in the aquatic environments with high detection rates. In this study, the distribution and transformation of PBDE pollutants in aquatic environments and their ecological toxicity were systematically reviewed, and their pollution situation was comprehensively explained. The study on the distribution and composition of PBDEs in the aquatic environments showed that PBDEs were ubiquitous, and their pollution in the ocean and groundwater was inevitable. Moreover, for the fresh water, the pollution level of PBDEs in industrial areas was much higher than that in low industrial areas. BDE-209 was the dominant PBDEs in the aquatic environments, and its relative abundance decreased with the distance from pollution sources. The distribution and composition of PBDEs in low industrial areas were affected by seasonal rainfall and removal efficiency by sewage treatment plants. With the increase of rainfall, the concentrations of PBDEs decreased significantly. The pollution of low brominated PBDEs increased significantly after the treatment in wastewater treatment plants. PBDEs can be transformed in the aquatic organisms, and high brominated PBDEs were transformed into low brominated PBDEs or reduced to other PBDEs derivatives by oxidation. PBDEs were biodegraded by aquatic animals, phytoplankton and microorganisms, and different species have different characteristics in their biodegradation. PBDEs in the aquatic environments posed reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity and vascular toxicity, which also inhibited embryonic development, biological growth and reproduction. This study summarized the environmental behaviors and potential risks of PBDEs in the aquatic environments from three aspects, i.e., distribution, transformation and biological effects, so as to provide scientific basis for the future treatment of PBDE pollution.
-
-
刘杏韵, 陈李财. 多溴联苯醚的分布及发展[J]. 广东化工, 2018, 45(10):156-157 Liu X Y, Chen L C. Distribution and development of polybrominated diphenyl ethers[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry, 2018, 45(10):156-157(in Chinese)
Lee H J, Jeong H J, Jang Y L, et al. Distribution, accumulation, and potential risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the marine environment receiving effluents from a sewage treatment plant[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2018, 129(1):364-369 Li M F, Zhou Y X, Wang G S, et al. Evaluation of atmospheric sources of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs around an MSWI plant using active and passive air samplers[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 274:129685 Chou T H, Ou M H, Wu T, et al. Temporal and spatial surveys of polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contamination of soil near a factory using PBDEs in northern Taiwan[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 236:124117 Ju T, Ge W, Jiang T, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in dissolved and suspended phases of seawater and in surface sediment from Jiaozhou Bay, North China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 557-558:571-578 Montalbano A M, Albano G D, Anzalone G, et al. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the flame retardants (PBDE-47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209) in human bronchial epithelial cells[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 245:125600 Cruz R, Marmelo I, Monteiro C, et al. The occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their metabolites in Portuguese River biota[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 713:136606 都烨. 多溴联苯醚在不同区域沉积物中的分布特征[J]. 蚌埠学院学报, 2019, 8(5):26-32 Du Y. Temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the sediment cores from different areas[J]. Journal of Bengbu University, 2019, 8(5):26-32(in Chinese)
Ma J, Qiu X H, Zhang J L, et al. State of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in China:An overview[J]. Chemosphere, 2012, 88(7):769-778 宋爱民, 李会茹, 刘合欢, 等. 练江沉积物中多溴联苯醚的污染特征、来源和潜在生态风险研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2020, 40(4):1309-1320 Song A M, Li H R, Liu H H, et al. Study on the pollution characteristics, sources and potential ecological risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments from the Lian River[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2020, 40(4):1309-1320(in Chinese)
Zhou H C, Tam N F Y, Cheung S G, et al. Contamination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in watershed sediments and plants adjacent to e-waste sites[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 379:120788 Moon H B, Choi M, Yu J, et al. Contamination and potential sources of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in water and sediment from the artificial Lake Shihwa, Korea[J]. Chemosphere, 2012, 88(7):837-843 Ganci A P, Vane C H, Abdallah M A E, et al. Legacy PBDEs and NBFRs in sediments of the tidal River Thames using liquid chromatography coupled to a high resolution accurate mass Orbitrap mass spectrometer[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 658:1355-1366 Ontiveros-Cuadras J F, Ruiz-Fernández A C, Sanchez-Cabeza J A, et al. Recent history of persistent organic pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs) in sediments from a large tropical lake[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 368:264-273 Trinh M M, Tsai C L, Chang M B. Characterization of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in various aqueous samples in Taiwan[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 649:388-395 朱冰清, 高占啟, 王骏飞, 等. 太湖主要入湖河流多溴联苯醚和有机磷阻燃剂污染与风险评价[J]. 环境监控与预警, 2020, 12(5):124-131 Zhu B Q, Gao Z Q, Wang J F, et al. Contamination level and ecological risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) in main inflow rivers of Taihu Lake[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 2020, 12(5):124-131(in Chinese)
路风辉, 陈满英, 陈纪文, 等. 珠江三角洲沉积物钻孔中多溴联苯醚的垂直变化规律研究[J]. 环境科学学报, 2014, 34(9):2362-2366 Lu F H, Chen M Y, Chen J W, et al. Vertical distributions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers of sediment core in the Pearl River Delta[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2014, 34(9):2362-2366(in Chinese)
Pei J, Yao H, Wang H, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in water, surface sediment, and suspended particulate matter from the Yellow River, China:Levels, spatial and seasonal distribution, and source contribution[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2018, 129(1):106-113 邱鹏, 刘芃岩, 王晓冰, 等. 白洋淀入湖河流水体中多溴联苯醚的浓度分布特征[J]. 环境污染与防治, 2019, 41(1):81-84 , 88 Qiu P, Liu P Y, Wang X B, et al. Concentration distribution characteristics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the water flows into Baiyangdian Lake[J]. Environmental Pollution & Control, 2019, 41(1):81-84, 88(in Chinese)
Lee H J, Kim G B. Removal rate and releases of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in two wastewater treatment plants, Korea[J]. Ocean Science Journal, 2017, 52(2):193-205 Gottschall N, Topp E, Edwards M, et al. Brominated flame retardants and perfluoroalkyl acids in groundwater, tile drainage, soil, and crop grain following a high application of municipal biosolids to a field[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 574:1345-1359 Harrad S, Drage D S, Sharkey M, et al. Perfluoroalkyl substances and brominated flame retardants in landfill-related air, soil, and groundwater from Ireland[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 705:135834 Sibiya I V, Olukunle O I, Okonkwo O J. Seasonal variations and the influence of geomembrane liners on the levels of PBDEs in landfill leachates, sediment and groundwater in Gauteng Province, South Africa[J]. Emerging Contaminants, 2017, 3(2):76-84 He W, Liu W X, Qin N, et al. Impact of organic matter and meteorological factors on the long-term trend, seasonality, and gas/particle partitioning behavior of atmospheric PBDEs[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 659:1058-1070 Li J, Li Q L, Gioia R, et al. PBDEs in the atmosphere over the Asian marginal seas, and the Indian and Atlantic Oceans[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2011, 45(37):6622-6628 唐学玺, 张璟, 刘泳, 等. 多溴联苯醚对海洋环境和海洋生物的影响[J]. 水生生物学报, 2014, 38(1):171-179 Tang X X, Zhang J, Liu Y, et al. Effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on marine environment and organisms[J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2014, 38(1):171-179(in Chinese)
牟亚南, 王金叶, 张艳, 等. 莱州湾东部海域多溴联苯醚的污染特征及生态风险评价[J]. 环境化学, 2019, 38(1):131-141 Mou Y N, Wang J Y, Zhang Y, et al. Contamination characteristics and ecological risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the eastern region of Laizhou Bay[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2019, 38(1):131-141(in Chinese)
姚文君, 薛文平, 国文, 等. 环渤海近岸海域表层沉积物及底栖生物中PBDEs的赋存特征及富集行为[J]. 生态毒理学报, 2016, 11(2):413-420 Yao W J, Xue W P, Guo W, et al. Occurrence and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in surficial sediment and benthic organism in the Bohai Sea[J]. Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology, 2016, 11(2):413-420(in Chinese)
Zhen X M, Tang J H, Xie Z Y, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and alternative brominated flame retardants (aBFRs) in sediments from four bays of the Yellow Sea, North China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 213:386-394 Li Z, Li Y, Li X. Comparative analysis of pollutants in the sediments between the southern and northern river[J]. Advanced Materials Research, 2012, 1793:2084-2088 Lohmann R, Klanova J, Kukucka P, et al. Concentrations, fluxes, and residence time of PBDEs across the tropical Atlantic Ocean[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47(24):13967-13975 Choo G, Lee I S, Oh J E. Species and habitat-dependent accumulation and biomagnification of brominated flame retardants and PBDE metabolites[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 371:175-182 温泉, 张俊江, 关淼, 等. 环境中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的代谢转化研究现状[J]. 环境监控与预警, 2012, 4(4):34-41 Wen Q, Zhang J J, Guan M, et al. Transformation and metabolism of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in environment[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Forewarning, 2012, 4(4):34-41(in Chinese)
郭楠楠, 孟顺龙, 陈家长. 多溴联苯醚在环境中的残留及毒理学效应研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(25):159-164 Guo N N, Meng S L, Chen J Z. Polybrominated biphenyl ethers:Residual in the environment and research progress on toxicological effects[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2019, 35(25):159-164(in Chinese)
Munschy C, Bely N, Héas-Moisan K, et al. Tissue-specific distribution and maternal transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites in adult common sole (Solea solea L.) over an entire reproduction cycle[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2017, 145:457-465 Méndez-Fernandez P, Taniguchi S, Santos M C O, et al. Contamination status by persistent organic pollutants of the Atlantic spotted dolphin (Stenella frontalis) at the metapopulation level[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 236:785-794 Pinzone M, Budzinski H, Tasciotti A, et al. POPs in free-ranging pilot whales, sperm whales and fin whales from the Mediterranean Sea:Influence of biological and ecological factors[J]. Environmental Research, 2015, 142:185-196 Munschy C, Héas-Moisan K, Tixier C, et al. Dietary exposure of juvenile common sole (Solea solea L.) to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs):Part 1. Bioaccumulation and elimination kinetics of individual congeners and their debrominated metabolites[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(1):229-237 Luo Y L, Luo X J, Ye M X, et al. Species-specific and structure-dependent debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ether in fish by in vitro hepatic metabolism[J]. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2017, 36(8):2005-2011 Falandysz J, Smith F, Steel Z, et al. PBDEs in cod (Gadus morhua) liver products (1972-2017):Occurrence and human exposure[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 232:63-69 Ikkere L E, Perkons I, Sire J, et al. Occurrence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers, perfluorinated compounds, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in freshwater mussels from Latvia[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 213:507-516 Sun H Z, Li Y M, Hao Y F, et al. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their hydroxylated and methoxylated analogues in polar marine food webs[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2020, 54(23):15086-15096 Cade S E, Kuo L J, Schultz I R. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and their hydroxylated and methoxylated derivatives in seafood obtained from Puget Sound, WA[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 630:1149-1154 Yao B, Luo Z R, Zhi D, et al. Current progress in degradation and removal methods of polybrominated diphenyl ethers from water and soil:A review[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 403:123674 Liu Y W, Liu J Y, Yu M, et al. Hydroxylated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a marine food web of Chinese Bohai Sea and their human dietary exposure[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 233:604-611 Zhou Y H, Chen Q F, Du X Y, et al. Occurrence and trophic magnification of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated derivatives in freshwater fish from Dianshan Lake, Shanghai, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 219:932-938 Lv M C, Tang X X, Zhao Y R, et al. The toxicity, bioaccumulation and debromination of BDE-47 and BDE-209 in Chlorella sp. under multiple exposure modes[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 723:138086 Malmvärn A, Zebühr Y, Kautsky L, et al. Hydroxylated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polybrominated dibenzo- p-dioxins in red alga and cyanobacteria living in the Baltic Sea[J]. Chemosphere, 2008, 72(6):910-916 李元杰, 王森杰, 张敏, 等. 土壤和地下水污染的监控自然衰减修复技术研究进展[J]. 中国环境科学, 2018, 38(3):1185-1193 Li Y J, Wang S J, Zhang M, et al. Research progress of monitored natural attenuation remediation technology for soil and groundwater pollution[J]. China Environmental Science, 2018, 38(3):1185-1193(in Chinese)
Yang C W, Huang H W, Chang B V. Microbial communities associated with anaerobic degradation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in river sediment[J]. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection, 2017, 50(1):32-39 Ti Q Q, Gu C G, Cai J, et al. Understanding the role of bacterial cellular adsorption, accumulation and bioavailability regulation by biosurfactant in affecting biodegradation efficacy of polybrominated diphenyl ethers[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020, 393:122382 Huang H W, Chang B V, Cheng C H. Biodegradation of dibromodiphenyl ether in river sediment[J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2012, 68:1-6 Yen J H, Liao W C, Chen W C, et al. Interaction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) with anaerobic mixed bacterial cultures isolated from river sediment[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 165(1-3):518-524 Chen J, Wang P F, Wang C, et al. How wastewater with different nutrient levels influences microbial degradation of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in anaerobic sediments[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 211:128-138 孔静静, 赵文杰, 周全法. 多溴联苯醚的污染现状及降解技术研究进展[J]. 再生资源与循环经济, 2020, 13(11):25-30 , 38 Kong J J, Zhao W J, Zhou Q F. Pollution status of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and research progress of degradation technology[J]. Recyclable Resources and Circular Economy, 2020, 13(11):25-30, 38(in Chinese)
程杰, 吕兑安. 羟基多溴联苯醚的污染现状及研究展望[J]. 化工设计通讯, 2020, 46(6):250-251 Cheng J, Lv D A. Hydroxyl polybrominated diphenyl ethers pollution status and research prospects[J]. Chemical Engineering Design Communications, 2020, 46(6):250-251(in Chinese)
Zezza D, Tait S, Della Salda L, et al. Toxicological, gene expression and histopathological evaluations of environmentally realistic concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDE- 47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209 on zebrafish embryos[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 183:109566 Xing X M, Kang J M, Qiu J H, et al. Waterborne exposure to low concentrations of BDE-47 impedes early vascular development in zebrafish embryos/larvae[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2018, 203:19-27 Wang H, Tang X X, Sha J J, et al. The reproductive toxicity on the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis induced by BDE-47 and studies on the effective mechanism based on antioxidant defense system changes[J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 135:129-137 Po B H K, Chiu J M Y. Transgenerational impairments of reproduction and development of the marine invertebrate Crepidula onyx resulted from long-term dietary exposure of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47)[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 235:730-738 Huang Y, Zhu G H, Peng L, et al. Effect of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on sexual behaviors and reproductive function in male zebrafish (Danio rerio)[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2015, 111:102-108 Li J B, Li Y Y, Shen Y P, et al. 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodipheny ether (BDE-47) disrupts gonadal development of the Africa clawed frog (Xenopus laevis)[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2020, 221:105441 Zhang M T, Zhao F, Zhang J W, et al. Toxicity and accumulation of 6-OH-BDE-47 and newly synthesized 6,6'-diOH-BDE-47 in early life-stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2021, 763:143036 Glazer L, Wells C N, Drastal M, et al. Developmental exposure to low concentrations of two brominated flame retardants, BDE-47 and BDE-99, causes life-long behavioral alterations in zebrafish[J]. NeuroToxicology, 2018, 66:221-232 Wang W T, Zhao X S, Ren X, et al. Antagonistic effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and BDE-47 in zebrafish (Danio rerio):Oxidative stress, apoptosis and DNA damage[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2020, 225:105546 Liu Y H, Guo R X, Tang S K, et al. Single and mixture toxicities of BDE-47, 6-OH-BDE-47 and 6-MeO-BDE-47 on the feeding activity of Daphnia magna:From behavior assessment to neurotoxicity[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 195:542-550 Yang J, Zhao H, Chan K M. Toxic effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (BDE 47 and 99) and localization of BDE-99-induced cyp1a mRNA in zebrafish larvae[J]. Toxicology Reports, 2017, 4:614-624 MacAulay L J, Chen A, Rock K D, et al. Developmental toxicity of the PBDE metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47 in zebrafish and the potential role of thyroid receptor β[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2015, 168:38-47 Huang Y, Rajput I R, Sanganyado E, et al. Immune stimulation effect of PBDEs via prostaglandin pathway in pantropical spotted dolphin:An in vitro study[J]. Chemosphere, 2020, 254:126717 Jiang Y S, Tang X X, Sun T L, et al. BDE-47 exposure changed the immune function of haemocytes in Mytilus edulis:An explanation based on ROS-mediated pathway[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2017, 182:58-66 Rajput I R, Yaqoob S, Sun Y J, et al. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers exert genotoxic effects in pantropic spotted dolphin fibroblast cell lines[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2021, 271:116131 Yang Y Y, Jian X Y, Tang X X, et al. Feeding behavior toxicity in the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis caused by 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47):Characteristics and mechanisms[J]. Chemosphere, 2021, 271:129512 Liu Q, Tang X X, Zhang X, et al. Evaluation of the toxic response induced by BDE-47 in a marine alga, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, based on photosynthesis-related parameters[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2020, 227:105588 Zhao Y R, Tang X X, Lv M C, et al. The molecular response mechanisms of a diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to the toxicity of BDE-47 based on whole transcriptome analysis[J]. Aquatic Toxicology, 2020, 229:105669 Zhao Y C, Wang Z L, Li D T, et al. Two PBDEs exposure inducing feeding depression and disorder of digestive and antioxidative system of Daphnia magna[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 176:279-287 Xiong Q L, Shi Y J, Lu Y L, et al. Sublethal or not? Responses of multiple biomarkers in Daphnia magna to single and joint effects of BDE-47 and BDE-209[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2018, 164:164-171 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2844
- HTML全文浏览数: 2844
- PDF下载数: 93
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
