氯虫苯甲酰胺对环境生物的急性毒性与安全性评价
Acute Toxicity and Safety Evaluation of Chlorantraniliprole to Environmental Organisms
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摘要: 为明确氯虫苯甲酰胺(chlorantraniliprole)对环境生物的安全性，参照《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》(GB/T 31270—2014)和《化学农药 天敌(瓢虫)急性接触毒性试验准则》(NY/T 3088—2017)，开展了70%氯虫苯甲酰胺水分散粒剂对6种环境生物的急性毒性试验及安全性评价。结果表明，该药剂对日本鹌鹑急性经口毒性7 d-LD50>2 000 mg a.i.·kg-1(以单位体质量计)，低毒；对家蚕急性经口毒性4 d-LC50为0.0588 mg a.i.·L-1，剧毒；对蚯蚓急性毒性14 d-LC50＞100 mg a.i.·kg-1(以单位土壤干质量计)，低毒；对蜜蜂经口和接触毒性2 d-LD50分别为133 μg a.i.·蜂-1和77.3 μg a.i.·蜂-1，低毒；对七星瓢虫急性接触毒性15 d-LR50为37.3 g a.i.·hm-2，中风险；对斑马鱼急性毒性4 d-LC50为10.2 mg a.i.·L-1，低毒。因此，氯虫苯甲酰胺对环境生物具有选择性，应避免在蚕室和桑园附近使用，同时避免在天敌昆虫繁育期使用。Abstract: To clarify the safety of chlorantraniliprole to environmental organisms, the acute toxicity tests of 70% chlorantraniliprole water dispersible granule to six environmental organisms tests were conducted according to “Test Guidelines on Environmental Safety Assessment for Chemical Pesticides (GB/T 31270—2014)”, and “Chemical Pesticide-Guideline for Natural Enemy (Ladybird Beetles) Acute Contact Toxicity Test (NY/T 3088—2017)”. The results showed that chlorantraniliprole was low toxicity to Coturnix japonica with more than 2 000 mg a.i.·kg-1 (based on body mass) dose of 7 d-LD50 acute oral toxicity, was extreme toxicity to Bombyx mori with 0.0588 mg a.i.·L-1 dose of 4 d-LC50 acute oral toxicity, and was low toxicity to Eisenia foetida with more than 100 mg a.i.·kg-1 in dry soil of 14 d-LC50 acute toxicity. Besides, chlorantraniliprole was low toxicity to Apis mellifera with 133 μg a.i.·bee-1 and 77.3 μg a.i.·bee-1 doses of 2 d-LD50 of acute oral toxicity and acute contact toxicity, respectively, was medium risk to Coccinella septempunctata with 37.3 g a.i.·hm-2 dose of 15 d-LR50 acute contact toxicity, and was low toxicity to Brachydanio rerio with 10.2 mg a.i.·L-1 dose of 4 d-LC50 acute toxicity. Therefore, chlorantraniliprole is selective to environmental organisms and should be forbidden to apply in surrounding silkworm breeding areas and mulberry orchards. Besides, it should not be used during the breeding period of natural enemies.
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Key words:
- chlorantraniliprole /
- environmental organism /
- toxicity /
- safety
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