郑州市葡萄农药污染特征及膳食摄入风险评估
Pollution Characteristics and Dietary Exposure Risk Assessment of Grape Pesticides in Zhengzhou City
-
摘要: 为明确郑州市葡萄的农药污染特征和对其安全品质造成危害的风险因子，并对其膳食摄入进行风险评估。采用郑州市近10年来葡萄产品的监测数据，对其产品的农药污染特征进行分析，并采用点评估模式分别估算各年龄段人群的安全系数(IFS)、平均安全系数(IFS)和安全系数之和(ΣIFS)，同时估算各种检出农药的风险系数(R)。10年来，郑州市葡萄中检出的农药有18种，包括8种杀菌剂和10种杀虫剂，均为微毒或低毒农药。杀菌剂的检出率普遍高于杀虫剂；其中检出率最高的是嘧霉胺，其在2017—2020年间检出率为51.92%；含有多残留的样品较多，残留农药种类最多的样品含有8种农药残留，但此类样品占比较低，在2017—2020年间占1.92%；从各年龄段的安全系数来看，近10年郑州市葡萄的质量安全可以接受，但存在一定的不确定性；从检出农药风险系数看，10年来氯氟氰菊酯、苯醚甲环唑和氯氰菊酯给郑州市葡萄的安全品质带来较大的风险，其风险系数分别是5.19、3.19和3.1。在葡萄生产中要加强产中的管理和产后的监管，科学合理施用农药，保证葡萄产品整体质量安全。Abstract: This study aims to clarify the pollution characteristics and risk factors to safety and quality of grape in Zhengzhou City and to assess its risk for grape dietary intake. Based on the monitoring data of grape products in Zhengzhou City in recent 10 years, the pollution characteristics of grape products were analyzed, the safety factor (IFS), average safety factor (IFS) and sum of safety factor (ΣIFS) of different age groups were calculated by point assessment model, and the risk coefficient (R) of various pesticides were evaluated. 18 kinds of pesticides were detected in grapes in Zhengzhou City in the past 10 years, including 8 fungicides and 10 insecticides, all of which were slightly toxic or low toxic. The detection rate of fungicides was generally higher than that of insecticides. The pesticide with the highest detection rate was pyrimethanil, and the detection rate was 51.92% from 2017 to 2020. There are many samples with multiple pesticide residues. The sample with the most pesticide residues contained 8 kinds of pesticides, but its ratio in all samples is only 1.92% from 2017 to 2020. According to the safety factors of different age groups, the potential health risk was not significant from grape in Zhengzhou City in recent 10 years, but still with some uncertainty. According to the risk coefficient of pesticides detected, the potential safety and quality risks of grapes could be attributed to cyhalothrin, difenoconazole and cypermethrin in Zhengzhou City in the past 10 years, and the risk coefficients are 5.19, 3.19 and 3.1 respectively. In grape production, we should strengthen management during production and post production supervision, and make scientific and rational use of pesticides to improve the quality and safety of grape products.
-
Key words:
- grape /
- pesticides /
- risk assessment /
- pollution characteristics /
- safety factor /
- risk coefficient /
- dietary intake
-
-
360百科. 葡萄[DB/OL]. [2021-06-10]. https://baike.so.com/doc/5373483-5609460.html 王忠跃. 中国葡萄病虫害与综合防控技术[M]. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2009: 4 杨德毅, 吾建祥, 马婧妤, 等. 鲜食葡萄农药残留状况及风险评估[J]. 中国南方果树, 2021, 50(2): 128-131 王玉倩. 贵州山地葡萄安全品质评价与成因分析[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2018: 28-35 Wang Y Q. Safety and quality evaluation & analysis of mountain grown grape in Guizhou Province [D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2018: 28 -35 (in Chinese)
Loutfy N, Malhat F, Kamel E, et al. Residual pattern and dietary intake of iprodione on grapes under Egyptian field conditions: A prelude to risk assessment profile [J]. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2015, 21(1): 265-279 刘河疆, 康露, 华震宇, 等. 新疆鲜食葡萄产区农药残留风险评估[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2018, 40(4): 714-724 Liu H J, Kang L, Hua Z Y, et al. Risk assessment of pesticide residues in Xinjiang table grape producing areas [J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2018, 40(4): 714-724 (in Chinese)
赵荣华, 蔡军社, 陈光, 等. 吐鲁番'无核白’葡萄病虫害规范化防治效果调查[J]. 中外葡萄与葡萄酒, 2019(3): 29-32 Zhao R H, Cai J S, Chen G, et al. Normative control of pests and diseases of 'Thompson Seedless’ grapevine in Turpan area [J]. Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine, 2019 (3): 29-32 (in Chinese)
李秀杰, 韩真, 张庆田, 等. 山东省避雨栽培葡萄病虫害发生情况调查[J]. 河北农业科学, 2020, 24(6): 71-75 Li X J, Han Z, Zhang Q T, et al. Investigation on diseases and insect pests of grape under rain shelter cultivation in Shandong Province [J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 24(6): 71-75 (in Chinese)
王冬群, 胡寅侠, 华晓霞. 设施葡萄农药残留风险评估[J]. 食品安全质量检测学报, 2014, 5(11): 3751-3757 Wang D Q, Hu Y X, Hua X X. Risk estimate of pesticide residues in greenhouse grape [J]. Journal of Food Safety & Quality, 2014, 5(11): 3751-3757 (in Chinese)
赵丽云, 何宇纳. 中国居民营养与健康状况监测报告之一: 2010—2013膳食与营养素摄入状况[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2018: 28-38 潇湘名医. 中国成人平均身高体重公布!你达标了吗?[DB/OL]. [2021-06-10]. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1686955129677564253&wfr=spider&for=pc 好运宝贝网. 0-7岁宝宝身高体重标准表[DB/OL]. [2021-06-10 ]. https://www.haoyunbb.com/tools/10.html
360百科. 腐霉利[DB/OL]. [2021-06-10]. https://baike.so.com/doc/6095031-7116505.html 徐登高, 冯春刚. 农药毒性分级及建议[J]. 植物医生, 2015, 28(3): 35-37 莫秀芳, 李星翰, 王晓岚, 等. 苯醚甲环唑和嘧菌酯对家蚕的生长发育毒性[J]. 农药学学报, 2018, 20(6): 758-764 Mo X F, Li X H, Wang X L, et al. Toxicity of difenoconazole and azoxystrobin on the growth and development of Bombyx mori [J]. Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science, 2018, 20(6): 758-764 (in Chinese)
马新耀, 王静, 朱九生, 等. 山西省番茄中农药与重金属污染特征及膳食摄入风险评估[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2021, 40(7): 1432-1440 Ma X Y, Wang J, Zhu J S, et al. Pollution characteristics and dietary intake risk assessment of pesticides and heavy metals in tomato samples in Shanxi Province, China [J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2021, 40(7): 1432-1440 (in Chinese)
Barouki R, Melén E, Herceg Z, et al. Epigenetics as a mechanism linking developmental exposures to long-term toxicity [J]. Environment International, 2018, 114: 77-86 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Considerations for assessing the risks of combined exposure to multiple chemicals [R]. Paris: OECD, 2018 Vallotton N, Price P S. Use of the maximum cumulative ratio as an approach for prioritizing aquatic coexposure to plant protection products: A case study of a large surface water monitoring database [J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2016, 50(10): 5286-5293 李耘, 朱锋, 刘畅, 等. 有害结局路径分析应用于混合化学物联合毒性效应评价研究[J]. 农产品质量与安全, 2019(3): 9-13, 24 Li Y, Zhu F, Liu C, et al. Research on combined toxicity assessment for chemical mixtures using adverse outcome pathway analysis [J]. Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, 2019(3): 9-13, 24 (in Chinese)
王莹, 王赵, 乔菲, 等. 基于点评估方法的人参中农药残留摄入暴露风险研究[J]. 中国药事, 2018, 32(10): 1342-1348 Wang Y, Wang Z, Qiao F, et al. On exposure risk of pesticide residues in ginseng based on deterministic approach [J]. Chinese Pharmaceutical Affairs, 2018, 32(10): 1342-1348 (in Chinese)
-
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2373
- HTML全文浏览数: 2373
- PDF下载数: 42
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
