沙颍河流域硝基苯水质基准推导及生态风险评估
Derivation of Water Quality Criteria for Nitrobenzene in Shaying River Basin and Ecological Risk Assessment
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摘要: 沙颍河流域是淮河流域上游污染问题突出、污染贡献大的流域之一。针对沙颍河流域缺乏对硝基苯水生生物水质基准深入研究的问题，选择了硝基苯开展沙颍流域本土生物毒性试验，推导了沙颍河流域硝基苯的水质基准，并对沙颍河流域硝基苯实际暴露浓度进行了生态风险评估。结果表明，硝基苯对秀丽白虾、霍甫水丝蚓、黄颡鱼和河蚬96 h半数致死浓度（96 h-LC50）分别为45.436、178.299、17.397和119.069 mg·L-1；秀丽白虾和黄颡鱼28 d无可观测效应浓度（NOEC）分别为2.858 mg·L-1和3.429 mg·L-1；28 d最低可见效应浓度（LOEC）分别为5.144 mg·L-1和6.173 mg·L-1；黄颡鱼28 d的20%效应浓度（EC20）为4.538 mg·L-1。采用物种敏感度排序法（SSR）获得沙颍河流域硝基苯急性基准值（CMC）和慢性基准值（CCC）分别为0.007 mg·L-1和0.002 mg·L-1。使用层级风险评估方法（商值法、安全阈值法和联合概率曲线法）对沙颍河流域地表水的硝基苯进行了风险评估，3种方法风险评估结果一致，沙颍河水体中硝基苯对沙颍河水生生物基本没有风险。研究结果为构建沙颍河硝基苯的水质基准以及管理提供参考。Abstract: The Shaying River Basin is one of the basins with prominent pollution problems and significant pollution contribution in the upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin. In view of the lack of deep research on the water quality criterion of nitrobenzene on aquatic organisms in Shaying River Basin, nitrobenzene was selected as the research objects to implement local biological toxicity test, and the water quality criterion (WQC) for Shaying River Basin was derived in this study. In addition, environmental risk assessment (ERA) was conducted in Shaying River Basin based on the derived WQC of nitrobenzene. The results showed that the 96 h-LC50 of nitrobenzene on Exopalaemon modestus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Limnodrilus hoffmeistteri, and Corbicula fluminea were 45.436, 178.299, 17.397 and 119.069 mg·L-1, respectively. The 28 d-NOEC (no observed effect concentration) and 28 d-LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) of nitrobenzene on Exopalaemon modestus and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco were 2.858 mg·L-1 and 3.429 mg·L-1, 5.144 mg·L-1 and 6.173 mg·L-1, respectively. And 28 d-EC20 (20% effect concentration) of nitrobenzene on Pelteobagrus fulvidraco was 4.538 mg·L-1. The criterion maximum concentration (CMC) of 0.007 mg·L-1, and criterion continuous concentration (CCC) of 0.002 mg·L-1 were derived using the species sensitivity ranking (SSR) method. Meanwhile, tiered ERA (hazardous quotient method, safety threshold method, and joint probability curve method) showed that three levels of ERA methods in the tiered framework were consistent with each other, and the nitrobenzene in the Shaying River has almost no risk to aquatic organisms. The results provide reference for establishing the WQC for nitrobenzene and accurately assessing the nitrobenzene risk in Shaying River Basin.
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Key words:
- nitrobenzene /
- Shaying River Basin /
- water quality criterion /
- risk assessment
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