危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

胡明; 虎训; 邵哲如; 程易; 徐鹏程

doi:10.12030/j.cjee.201804050

环境工程学报

危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

, , , ,

胡明, 虎训, 邵哲如, 程易, 徐鹏程. 危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算[J]. 环境工程学报, 2018, 12(9): 2672-2679. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201804050

引用本文:

HU Ming, HU Xun, SHAO Zheru, CHENG Yi, XU Pengcheng. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018, 12(9): 2672-2679. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201804050

Citation:

HU Ming, HU Xun, SHAO Zheru, CHENG Yi, XU Pengcheng. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018, 12(9): 2672-2679. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201804050

危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

1.
中国光大集团博士后工作站，北京 100033
2.
清华大学化学工程系，北京 100084
3.
光大环保技术研究院南京有限公司，南京 211102
基金项目:

Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash

1.
China Everbright Group Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Beijing 100033, China
2.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3.
Everbright EnvirotechNanjingLtd., Nanjing 211102, China
Fund Project:

摘要: 熔融固化是目前危废焚烧灰渣处置的有效方法之一。为了能够有效地控制熔融过程中重金属元素的迁移，采用HSC Chemistry软件模拟研究了重金属元素As、Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni、Cr等在熔融过程中的物质变化历程，考察了不同气氛、温度、氯化物种类的影响。结果表明：在还原性气氛下，As、Pb几乎100%以AsS(g)和PbS(g)的形式挥发进入气相；Zn主要以气态金属挥发，1 500 ℃时90.8%的Zn进入气相；Cu、Ni、Cr与灰渣中的Fe2O3、Al2O3等形成不易挥发的化合物，几乎完全被熔渣固化。氧化性气氛有利于各重金属元素的固化，除46.47%的Pb 以PbCl2(g)、PbCl(g)、PbO(g)的形式挥发外，其余重金属元素均能被固溶在渣中。与灰渣中NaCl相比，CaCl2不影响As、Cr的平衡形态分布，但能促进Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni以气态氯化物的形式挥发进入气相，不利于重金属元素的固化。
- 焚烧灰渣 /
- 熔融处理 /
- 重金属元素 /
- 热力学平衡分析
Abstract: Vitrification is an effective way to dispose ash from hazardous waste incineration. In order to optimize heavy metals solidification, the migration characteristics of heavy metals in the vitrification process were studied by thermodynamic analysis. In this paper, the migration of heavy metals, such as As, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr, were calculated under different atmospheres, temperatures and chloride species with HSC Chemistry software. The results showed that in reducing atmosphere, almost 100%of As and Pb were prone to volatilization in the form of AsS (g) and PbS (g), and 90.8% of Zn was in the form of metal Zn at 1 500 ℃. Cu, Ni and Cr were almost completely solidified due to the existence of Fe2O3 and Al2O3, which could help to solidify heavy metals. In oxidizing atmosphere, all the heavy metals were prone to solidification except that, 46.47% of Pb was prone to volatilization in the form of PbCl2 (g), PbCl (g) and PbO (g). Compared with NaCl in the ash, the addition of CaCl2 did not affect the migration of As and Cr, but on the other hand, it can help Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni to volatilize into gas phase in the form of chlorides. Therefore, the existence of CaCl2 was harmful for the solidification of heavy metals.
- bottom slag and fly ash /
- melting process /
- heavy metals /
- thermodynamic equilibrium analysis

[1]	REIJNDERS L.Disposal, uses and treatments of combustion ashes: A review[J].Resources Conservation & Recycling,2005,43(3):313-336 10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.06.007
[2]	孙瑞, 于鲁汕, 傅忠君,等. 工业固体危险废弃物处置技术[J]. 现代化工,2013,33(12):11-14
[3]	兰永辉, 杨雪, 陈芳,等. 工业危险固体废弃物处理处置状况综述[J]. 广东化工,2013,40(12):82-84
[4]	叶暾旻, 王伟, 高兴保,等. 焚烧飞灰卫生填埋共处置的螯合稳定化技术研究[J]. 环境科学,2008,29(4):1119-1123
[5]	张艺. 焚烧飞灰及含氟污泥危险废物稳定化预处理技术研究[D]. 南京: 南京大学,2016
[6]	李华, 司马菁珂, 罗启仕,等. 危险废物焚烧飞灰中重金属的稳定化处理[J]. 环境工程学报,2012,6(10):3740-3746
[7]	侯海盟. 焚烧飞灰在150 kW等离子体炉内熔融实验研究[C]//中国环境科学学会. 2015 年中国环境科学学会年会论文集. 深圳,2016:3915-3920
[8]	王勤. 利用热等离子体熔融垃圾焚烧飞灰制备微晶玻璃的实验研究[D].杭州：浙江大学,2009
[9]	卢欢亮, 王中慧, 汪永红,等. 等离子体熔融技术处理垃圾焚烧飞灰的中试研究[J]. 环境卫生工程,2017,25(4):51-53
[10]	PAN X C, YAN J H, MA Z Y, et al.Experimental study on vitrification of fly ashes from municipal solid waste incinerator[J].Journal of Power Engineering,2008,28(2):284-288
[11]	黄文有, 孟月东, 陈明周,等. 等离子体熔融生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中试试验[J]. 环境工程技术学报,2016,6(5):501-508
[12]	CERQUEIRA N, VANDENSTEENDAM C, BARONNET J M, et al.Heavy metals volatility during thermal plasma vitrification of mineral waste[J].Environmental Engineering Science,2004,21(1):83-92 10.1089/109287504322746785
[13]	王楠, 邹宗树, 山口周,等. 垃圾焚烧灰渣熔融处理重金属氯化-挥发反应分析[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版),2005,26(9):874-877
[14]	樊国祥. 矿物添加剂对垃圾焚烧飞灰熔融过程中重金属特性的影响[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学,2012
[15]	NI G H, ZHAO P, JIANG Y M, et al.Vitrification of MSWI fly ash by thermal plasma melting and fate of heavy metals[J].Plasma Science and Technology,2012,14(9):813-818
[16]	王学涛, 金保升, 仲兆平,等. 气氛对焚烧飞灰熔融过程中重金属行为的影响[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2006,26(7):47-52
[17]	LUAN J, LI R, ZHANG Z, et al.Influence of chlorine, sulfur and phosphorus on the volatilization behavior of heavy metals during sewage sludge thermal treatment.[J].Waste Management & Research,2013,31(10):1012-1018
[18]	张延玲, 韩丽辉, 付中华，等. 熔渣中锌、铅挥发行为的热力学分析[C]//北京科技大学. 第八届冶金工程科学论坛论文集. 北京,2009:267-272
[19]	王艳坤.HSC Chemistry软件在高校化学科研中的应用[J]. 河南教育学院学报(自然科学版),2013,22(2):28-30
[20]	周宇, 马增益, 马攀,等. 危险废物焚烧飞灰熔融处理过程重金属行为的研究[J]. 能源工程,2011(1):41-44
[21]	CHAN C, JIA C Q, GRAYDON J W, et al.The behaviour of selected heavy metals in MSW incineration electrostatic precipitator ash during roasting with chlorination agents[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,1996,50(1):1-13
[22]	吕晓蕾, 韦琳, 刘阳生,等. 不同氯化物作用下垃圾焚烧飞灰中重金属挥发特性研究[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版),2012,48(1):133-138 10.1016/0304-3894(96)01774-8
[23]	CHAN C C Y, KIRK D W.Behaviour of metals under the conditions of roasting MSW incinerator fly ash with chlorinating agents[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,1999,64(1):75-89 10.1016/S0304-3894(98)00227-1

点击查看大图

计量

文章访问数: 2111
HTML全文浏览数: 1974
PDF下载数: 175
施引文献: 0

危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

1. 中国光大集团博士后工作站，北京 100033
2. 清华大学化学工程系，北京 100084
3. 光大环保技术研究院南京有限公司，南京 211102

基金项目:

关键词:

摘要: 熔融固化是目前危废焚烧灰渣处置的有效方法之一。为了能够有效地控制熔融过程中重金属元素的迁移，采用HSC Chemistry软件模拟研究了重金属元素As、Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni、Cr等在熔融过程中的物质变化历程，考察了不同气氛、温度、氯化物种类的影响。结果表明：在还原性气氛下，As、Pb几乎100%以AsS(g)和PbS(g)的形式挥发进入气相；Zn主要以气态金属挥发，1 500 ℃时90.8%的Zn进入气相；Cu、Ni、Cr与灰渣中的Fe2O3、Al2O3等形成不易挥发的化合物，几乎完全被熔渣固化。氧化性气氛有利于各重金属元素的固化，除46.47%的Pb 以PbCl2(g)、PbCl(g)、PbO(g)的形式挥发外，其余重金属元素均能被固溶在渣中。与灰渣中NaCl相比，CaCl2不影响As、Cr的平衡形态分布，但能促进Pb、Zn、Cu、Ni以气态氯化物的形式挥发进入气相，不利于重金属元素的固化。

English Abstract

Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash

1. China Everbright Group Post-Doctoral Scientific Research Workstation, Beijing 100033, China
2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
3. Everbright EnvirotechNanjingLtd., Nanjing 211102, China

Fund Project:

Keywords:

Abstract: Vitrification is an effective way to dispose ash from hazardous waste incineration. In order to optimize heavy metals solidification, the migration characteristics of heavy metals in the vitrification process were studied by thermodynamic analysis. In this paper, the migration of heavy metals, such as As, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr, were calculated under different atmospheres, temperatures and chloride species with HSC Chemistry software. The results showed that in reducing atmosphere, almost 100%of As and Pb were prone to volatilization in the form of AsS (g) and PbS (g), and 90.8% of Zn was in the form of metal Zn at 1 500 ℃. Cu, Ni and Cr were almost completely solidified due to the existence of Fe2O3 and Al2O3, which could help to solidify heavy metals. In oxidizing atmosphere, all the heavy metals were prone to solidification except that, 46.47% of Pb was prone to volatilization in the form of PbCl2 (g), PbCl (g) and PbO (g). Compared with NaCl in the ash, the addition of CaCl2 did not affect the migration of As and Cr, but on the other hand, it can help Pb, Zn, Cu and Ni to volatilize into gas phase in the form of chlorides. Therefore, the existence of CaCl2 was harmful for the solidification of heavy metals.

全文HTML

参考文献 (23)

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

返回文章

用微信扫码二维码

分享至好友和朋友圈

危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash

计量

出版历程

危险废物焚烧灰渣熔融过程中重金属元素热力学平衡计算

English Abstract

Thermodynamic equilibrium calculation of heavy metals during melting process of waste incineration ash

全文HTML

目录