2015年2月天津市大气颗粒物数浓度变化及其与气象条件的关系
Characteristics of particle number concentration during February in 2015 in Tianjin and their relationship with meteorological conditions
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摘要: 2015年2月16—28日，采用APS-3321空气动力学粒径谱仪在天津市环境监测中心站连续监测0.5~10 μm间不同粒径大气颗粒物数浓度，并同步记录气象参数，研究了大气颗粒物的数浓度变化和粒径分布特征，运用Spearman统计分析方法初步探讨了气象因素对大气颗粒物数浓度的影响。结果表明，该地区大气颗粒物5 min平均数浓度为285 个·cm-3，其中0.5~1.0 μm粒径颗粒物对总粒子数浓度贡献较大，约占96.7%。观测期间共出现颗粒物数浓度显著增高的9个污染事件，不同粒径中污染事件颗粒物数浓度最大值的主导气象因素不同：对于0.5~1.0 μm，其与相对湿度呈明显的正相关性；对于1.0~2.5 μm，其与气象因素无明显相关性；对于2.5~10 μm，其与相对湿度呈明显负相关性、与风速呈明显正相关性。颗粒物数浓度受气象条件影响较大，其中相对湿度影响最为显著，当相对湿度小于70%时，颗粒物数浓度随着湿度的增加而增加；当相对湿度大于70%时，颗粒物数浓度随着湿度的增加而减少。此外，烟花爆竹燃放对颗粒物数浓度短暂上升贡献突出，主要集中在0.5~1.0 μm粒径的亚微米颗粒物。Abstract: From February 16 to 28, 2015, measurements of the number concentration of atmospheric particles with sizes 0.5 to 10 μm were conducted using an APS-3321 (Aerodynamic Particle Sizer 3321) at the station of the Tianjin Environment Monitoring Centre. Major meteorological parameters such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were collected simultaneously. The changes in concentration and size distributions of these particles were studied. Statistical analysis methods including Spearman were used to explore the influence of meteorological factors on the atmospheric particle number concentration. The 5 min average particle-number concentration was 285 cm-3. Particles with sizes 0.5 to 1.0 μm made a relatively great contribution to the total particle number concentration, about 96.74%. Nine pollution events, indicated by a significant increase in the number of particles, were observed during the monitoring period. For the different size bins, the meteorological factors that affected the highest values of the number concentration among different pollution events were different. For the range 0.5 to 1.0 μm, a significant positive correlation with relative humidity was observed. For those particles 1.0 to 2.5 μm, no significant correlation with meteorological factors was found. For particles 2.5 to 10 μm, an obviously negative correlation with relative humidity and a strong positive correlation with wind speed were noticed. The particle number concentration and size distribution were significantly influenced by meteorological parameters, especially by relative humidity. With the increase in relative humidity, the particle number concentration increased when the relative humidity was less than 70%, but decreased when the humidity was more than 70%. It was found that the setting-off of fireworks and firecrackers made a great contribution to the particle number concentration, especially to submicron particles in the size range 0.5-1.0 μm.
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Key words:
- particle /
- number concentration /
- size distribution /
- meteorological parameters /
- fireworks and crackers
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