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消除医疗废物感染性,实现其安全管理和处置是世界各国面临的共同难题。2004年,缘于“非典型肺炎”疫情的特定背景,我国政府颁布并实施了《全国危险废物和医疗废物处置设施建设规划》[1],并逐步建成了覆盖全国各个设区及以上城市的医疗废物集中处置设施,迅速使我国医疗废物管理和处置能力上了新台阶。2020年初春,面对突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情,坚决贯彻落实国家主席习近平作出的“疫情就是命令,防控就是责任”重要指示精神,打响了一场抗击疫情的人民战争。基于上述背景,国家卫健委、生态环境部等10部委联合印发了《医疗机构废弃物综合治理工作方案》[2](以下简称《方案》)。《方案》提出,将通过优化新技术、更新设备设施等措施,补齐短板,提升医疗废物处置能力。在新的历史时期,如何继往开来,抓住问题关键,解决具体问题,需要从技术变革和发展角度予以审视和探讨。
Reform and development of medical waste disposal technology system in the new era
- Received Date: 12/01/2021
- Available Online: 10/02/2021
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Key words:
- medical waste /
- treatment and disposal technology /
- management mode /
- epidemic control /
- pollution prevention and control
Abstract: In the past 20 years, China has carried out a lot of work in promoting the harmless management and disposal of medical waste, and the achievements have attracted worldwide attention. However, in the new historical period, how to better explore the matching management mode based on feasible technology and solve the shortcomings of medical waste treatment and disposal is the focus of public attention. In this paper, combined with the situation of medical waste treatment and disposal in China in the new period, aiming at the problems and needs of technical applicability, emergency disposal in rural and remote areas, operation and supervision ability, and scientific and technological innovation, and combined with the characteristics and applicability of various medical treatment and disposal technologies, the author proposes to promote the layout optimization of medical waste treatment and disposal technology based on the applicability of technology to solve the problems of medical waste disposal in rural and remote areas, reasonably allocate the emergency disposal capacity and promote scientific and technological innovation, etc., so as to provide support for the construction of medical waste disposal technology system in the new era.