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突发环境污染事件具有发生的时间突然性、污染范围不确定性、负面影响的多重性,涉及社会安定、经济发展、生态环境及人群健康等方面。特别是流域性的突发环境污染事件极易造成跨市、跨省,甚至跨国污染,可能导致影响饮用水源地,造成水厂进水超标,严重时甚至造成停止供水。地方政府及有关部门在应对突发环境事件时,往往缺乏相关理论与实践经验,应急监测能力不足,装备、设备也很难满足应急需求。即使是有经验的专家,也同样会遇到突发环境事件中的特征污染物没有现成的处理工艺,需在短时间内开发研究新的处理工艺,同时还需克服现场各种不利条件。在众多突发环境事件中,污染物的来源是未知的,因此,还需要快速锁定并切断污染源,这是发生突发环境事件应急处置中的另一难点。在时间紧迫的情况下,若应急处理失败,则将可能导致数百上千人的健康受到威胁。
Emergency disposal of a sudden water environmental accident with antimony pollution caused by leakage of tailings pond
- Received Date: 10/09/2020
- Available Online: 10/09/2021
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Key words:
- tailings pond lealcago /
- emergency treatment /
- antimony /
- coagulating sedimentation
Abstract: In November 2015, due to the rupture of the arch cover plate of the 2# drainage well in a tailings reservoir in E province, a large number of tailings were ejected from the culvert hole and entered A river with a distance of hundreds of meters and entered B river downstream, resulting in the stop of water supply in some water plants along C river. This paper gives a comprehensive introduction to the causes, emergency measures and disposal effects of the incident. In this event, after 71 days of emergency disposals, including cutting of pollution sources, establishing pollutant intercepting dam, adding chemicals to settling antimony, reservoir storage, water dilution, drinking water security protection, etc., water of the whole line of polluted river reached the standards. Through field experiments, a new breakthrough for dealing with the antimony pollution under 0~2 ℃ has been made on the basis of sodium sulfide, polymerized ferric sulfate technology. The removal rates of antimony were increased from 12.3% and 36.8% to 95.1% by sodium sulfide and polymeric ferric sulphate (sodium sulfide method) respectively.