[1] 费毅琴, 汪波, 朱海兰, 等. 我国部分地区中药材栽培土壤污染情况分析[J]. 中药材, 2020, 43(11): 2639-2643. FEI Y Q, WANG B, ZHU H L, et al. Analysis on soil pollution of traditional Chinese medicine cultivation in some areas of China[J]. Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 2020, 43(11): 2639-2643 (in Chinese).
[2] TAPIA J, DAVENPORT J, TOWNLEY B, et al. Sources, enrichment, and redistribution of As, Cd, Cu, Li, Mo, and Sb in the Northern Atacama Region, Chile: Implications for arid watersheds affected by mining[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2018, 185: 33-51. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2017.10.021
[3] 何溱, 李婷, 骆虹伶, 等. 地球化学元素高背景农作区土壤剖面重金属来源解析及污染评价[J]. 环境化学, 2023, 42(12): 4253-4263. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2022053109 HE Z, LI T, LUO H L, et al. Source identification and pollution assessment of heavy metals in soil profile of agricultural area with high background of geochemical elements[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2023, 42(12): 4253-4263 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2022053109
[4] XIAO L, GUAN D S, PEART M R, et al. The respective effects of soil heavy metal fractions by sequential extraction procedure and soil properties on the accumulation of heavy metals in rice grains and brassicas[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2017, 24(3): 2558-2571. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-8028-8
[5] SU H T, GUO P Y, ZHANG Y X, et al. Effects of planting patterns on trace metals in soils following wetland restoration[J]. CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water, 2018, 46(6): 1700338. doi: 10.1002/clen.201700338
[6] 李建昌, 刘欢, 熊萍萍, 等. 江西省中药材重金属污染现状分析及防控对策[J]. 现代农业科技, 2022(1): 76-79. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2022.01.025 LI J C, LIU H, XIONG P P, et al. Current situation analysis of heavy metal pollution in Chinese medicinal materials and its prevention and control countermeasures in Jiangxi Province[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022(1): 76-79 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2022.01.025
[7] 冯云霞, 朱旭, 张介眉. 100种常用药材重金属残留状况探析[J]. 中国药师, 2014, 17(10): 1696-1697,1704. FENG Y X, ZHU X, ZHANG J M. Study on heavy metal residues in 100 Chinese traditional medicine materials[J]. China Pharmacist, 2014, 17(10): 1696-1697,1704 (in Chinese).
[8] 张慧莉. 我国中药材中重金属污染现状分析及对策研究[J]. 山东化工, 2018, 47(1): 56-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-021X.2018.01.023 ZHANG H L. Analysis of the current situation of heavy metal pollution in traditional Chinese medicine in China and research on countermeasures[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2018, 47(1): 56-57 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-021X.2018.01.023
[9] 程志飞, 刘品祯, 吴迪. 部分市售药材重金属污染状况及健康风险评估[J]. 山东化工, 2021, 50(13): 263-265. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-021X.2021.13.109 CHENG Z F, LIU P Z, WU D. Pollution status and health risks of heavy metals in some commercially available medicinal materials[J]. Shandong Chemical Industry, 2021, 50(13): 263-265 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-021X.2021.13.109
[10] 吴涵, 何忠俊, 孟溪, 等. 三七-土壤系统重金属分布特征及健康风险评价[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2023, 42(7): 1477-1486. doi: 10.11654/jaes.2022-1047 WU H, HE Z J, MENG X, et al. Distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals in a Panax notoginseng-soil system[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2023, 42(7): 1477-1486 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11654/jaes.2022-1047
[11] 左甜甜, 张磊, 石上梅, 等. 10种根和根茎类中药材中重金属及有害元素的风险评估及最大限量理论值[J]. 药物分析杂志, 2020, 40(10): 1870-1876. ZUO T T, ZHANG L, SHI S M, et al. Risk assessment and theoretical limits for heavy metals and harmful elements in 10 types of root and rhizome Chinese medicinal materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2020, 40(10): 1870-1876 (in Chinese).
[12] SHEN Z J, XU D C, CHEN Y S, et al. Heavy metals translocation and accumulation from the rhizosphere soils to the edible parts of the medicinal plant Fengdan (Paeonia ostii) grown on a metal mining area, China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2017, 143: 19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.04.042
[13] 赵蓉. 我国8种中药材重金属污染的系统评价[D]. 北京: 北京中医药大学, 2016. ZHAO R. Systematic evaluation of heavy metal pollution in 8 Chinese medicinal herbs in China[D]. Beijing: Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 2016 (in Chinese).
[14] 王伟全, 徐冬莹, 黄青青, 等. 污灌区土壤—小麦系统中重金属富集特征及其对人体健康风险评价[J]. 环境化学, 2022, 41(10): 3231-3243. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021070604 WANG W Q, XU D Y, HUANG Q Q, et al. Characteristics of heavy metals in the soil-wheat system of sewage irrigation area and its health risk assessment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2022, 41(10): 3231-3243 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021070604
[15] NAN G J, GUO L Y, GAO Y Q, et al. Speciation analysis and dynamic absorption characteristics of heavy metals and deleterious element during growing period of Chinese peony[J]. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2019, 21(14): 1407-1414. doi: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1633261
[16] 国家药典委员会. 中华人民共和国药典: 2020年版[M]. 北京: 中国医药科技出版社, 2020. National Pharmacopoeia Commission. Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 edition)[M]. Beijing: China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020(in Chinese).
[17] 燕傲蕾, 葛永斌, 蒲顺昌. 亳州药材主产区土壤重金属污染评价[J]. 阜阳师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2015, 32(1): 40-44. YAN A L, GE Y B, PU S C. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution on the Soil in major herbal medicine producing regions of Bozhou[J]. Journal of Fuyang Teachers College (Natural Science), 2015, 32(1): 40-44 (in Chinese).
[18] 钟源, 赵蓉, 李前慧, 等. 基于污染指数法的8种中药材重金属污染情况文献研究[J]. 中国中医药信息杂志, 2018, 25(5): 101-104. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.05.022 ZHONG Y, ZHAO R, LI Q H, et al. Literature research in contamination index method to evaluate heavy metal contamination in eight kinds of Chinese materia Medica[J]. Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2018, 25(5): 101-104 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2018.05.022
[19] 张松, 刘晓媛, 吴迪. 6种药食同源中药材重金属及健康风险评价[J]. 贵州师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 38(6): 33-38. ZHANG S, LIU X Y, WU D. Heavy metal and health risk assessment of six edible traditional Chinese Herbal medicine[J]. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Sciences), 2020, 38(6): 33-38 (in Chinese).
[20] 李德成, 张甘霖, 王华, 等. 中国土系志. 安徽卷[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2017. LI D C, ZHANG G L, WANG H, et al. Soil Series of China: Anhui Volume[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2017(in Chinese).
[21] 国家环境保护总局. 土壤环境监测技术规范: HJ/T 166—2004 S]. State Environmental Protection Administration. The Technical specification for soil environmental monitoring: HJ/T 166—2004[S] (in Chinese) .
[22] 生态环境部. 土壤 pH值的测定 电位法: HJ 962—2018[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2019. Soil—Determination of pH—Potentiometry: HJ 962—2018[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2019. (in Chinese)
[23] 中华人民共和国农业部. 土壤检测第6部分土壤有机质的测定: NY/T 1121.6—2006 S]. The Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China. Soil Testing Part 6: Method for determination of soil organic matter: NY/T 1121.6—2006[S] (in Chinese).
[24] 中华人民共和国环境保护部. 土壤和沉积物 12种金属元素的测定 王水提取-电感耦合等离子体质谱法: HJ 803—2016[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2016. Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China. Soil and sediment-Determination of aqua regia extracts of 12 metal elements-Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: HJ 803—2016[S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2016. (in Chinese)
[25] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 土壤和沉积物 13个微量元素形态顺序提取程序: GB/T 25282—2010[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2011. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China. Soil and sediment—Sequential extraction procedure of speciation of 13 trace elements: GB/T 25282—2010[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2011. (in Chinese)
[26] 曹春, 张松, 张鹏, 等. 大宝山污灌区土壤-蔬菜系统重金属污染现状及其风险评价[J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2020, 39(7): 1521-1531. doi: 10.11654/jaes.2020-0001 CAO C, ZHANG S, ZHANG P, et al. Heavy metal contamination in soil–vegetable systems and its health risks in an area irrigated with acid mine drainage in Dabaoshan, Guangdong, China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2020, 39(7): 1521-1531 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11654/jaes.2020-0001
[27] SUNDARAY S K, NAYAK B B, LIN S, et al. Geochemical speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in the river estuarine sediments—a case study: Mahanadi basin, India[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 186(2/3): 1837-1846.
[28] LIU J, ZHANG X H, TRAN H, et al. Heavy metal contamination and risk assessment in water, paddy soil, and rice around an electroplating plant[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2011, 18(9): 1623-1632. doi: 10.1007/s11356-011-0523-3
[29] 周亚龙, 杨志斌, 王乔林, 等. 雄安新区农田土壤-农作物系统重金属潜在生态风险评估及其源解析[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(4): 2003-2015. ZHOU Y L, YANG Z B, WANG Q L, et al. Potential ecological risk assessment and source analysis of heavy metals in soil-crop system in Xiong’an new district[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(4): 2003-2015 (in Chinese).
[30] 左甜甜, 王莹, 张磊, 等. 中药中外源性有害残留物安全风险评估技术指导原则[J]. 药物分析杂志, 2019, 39(10): 1902-1907. ZUO T T, WANG Y, ZHANG L, et al. Guideline of risk assessment of exogenous harmful residues in traditional Chinese medicines[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2019, 39(10): 1902-1907 (in Chinese).
[31] ZUO T T, JIN H Y, ZHANG L, et al. Innovative health risk assessment of heavy metals in Chinese herbal medicines based on extensive data[J]. Pharmacological Research, 2020, 159: 104987. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104987
[32] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for exposure assessment[S]. 1992.
[33] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Arsenic in drinking water rule economic analysis[S]. 2000.
[34] 朱美霖, 朱新忠, 冯宁川. 重金属在甘草中的健康风险评估及限量浓度测定[J]. 中成药, 2016, 38(8): 1771-1776. ZHU M L, ZHU X Z, FENG N C. Evaluation of health risks and determination of limited concentrations of heavy metals in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma[J]. Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine, 2016, 38(8): 1771-1776 (in Chinese).
[35] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Risk assessment guidance for super fund: volume Ⅲ-Part A, process for conducting probabilistic risk assessment [R]. Washington, 2001.
[36] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Risk-based concentration table[S]. 2000.
[37] NSF International, Dietary supplement-standard 173 : Metal contaminant accepted level[S]. Ann Arbor, 2003.
[38] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Guidance for performing aggregate exposure and risk assessments[S]. 1999.
[39] United States Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment[S]. 1999.
[40] United States Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA). EPA/600/R-09/052F Exposure Factors Handbook(Final Edition)[S]. Washington, DC: 2011.
[41] 中国环境监测总站主编. 中国土壤元素背景值[M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990. China National Environmental Monitoring Center. Background Values of Soil Elements in China[M]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 1990(in Chinese).
[42] 薛璇. 典型芍药科药材中物质成分、赋存特征及其环境健康研究[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2022. XUE X. Research of typical paeoniaceae medicinal material composition, occurrence characteristics and environmental health[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2022 (in Chinese).
[43] 赵睿新. 环境污染化学[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2004. ZHAO R X. Environmental pollution chemistry[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2004(in Chinese). [封面照片]
[44] 张喻娟, 韩丽, 杨明, 等. 同基原赤芍、白芍重金属检测异同的探究[J]. 中药与临床, 2015, 6(1): 13-15,3. ZHANG Y J, HAN L, YANG M, et al. Study on the difference and similarity of heavy metals detection between Chishao and Baishao of the same origin[J]. Pharmacy and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica, 2015, 6(1): 13-15,3 (in Chinese).
[45] WANG C C, ZHANG Q C, YAN C G, et al. Heavy metal(loid)s in agriculture soils, rice, and wheat across China: Status assessment and spatiotemporal analysis[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2023, 882: 163361. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163361
[46] FENG J L. Trace elements in ferromanganese concretions, gibbsite spots, and the surrounding Terra rossa overlying dolomite: Their mobilization, redistribution and fractionation[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2011, 108(1): 99-111. doi: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2010.10.010
[47] GASPARATOS D. Sequestration of heavy metals from soil with Fe–Mn concretions and nodules[J]. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 2013, 11(1): 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s10311-012-0386-y
[48] 胡青青, 沈强, 陈飞, 等. 重构土壤垂直剖面重金属Cd赋存形态及影响因素[J]. 环境科学, 2020, 41(6): 2878-2888. HU Q Q, SHEN Q, CHEN F, et al. Reconstructed soil vertical profile heavy metal Cd occurrence and its influencing factors[J]. Environmental Science, 2020, 41(6): 2878-2888 (in Chinese).
[49] 刘洁, 孙可, 韩兰芳. 生物炭对土壤重金属形态及生物有效性影响的研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2021, 40(6): 1643-1658. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021011402 LIU J, SUN K, HAN L F. Effect of biochar on soil heavy metal speciation and bioavailability: A review[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2021, 40(6): 1643-1658 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021011402
[50] 林承奇, 胡恭任, 于瑞莲, 等. 九龙江表层沉积物重金属赋存形态及生态风险[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(3): 1002-1009. LIN C Q, HU G R, YU R L, et al. Speciation and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments from Jiulong River[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(3): 1002-1009 (in Chinese).
[51] YUAN G L, LIU C, CHEN L, et al. Inputting history of heavy metals into the inland lake recorded in sediment profiles: Poyang Lake in China[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2011, 185(1): 336-345. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.09.039
[52] 马宏宏, 彭敏, 刘飞, 等. 广西典型碳酸盐岩区农田土壤-作物系统重金属生物有效性及迁移富集特征[J]. 环境科学, 2020, 41(1): 449-459. MA H H, PENG M, LIU F, et al. Bioavailability, translocation, and accumulation characteristic of heavy metals in a soil-crop system from a typical carbonate rock area in Guangxi, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2020, 41(1): 449-459 (in Chinese).
[53] 张富贵, 彭敏, 王惠艳, 等. 基于乡镇尺度的西南重金属高背景区土壤重金属生态风险评价[J]. 环境科学, 2020, 41(9): 4197-4209. ZHANG F G, PENG M, WANG H Y, et al. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals at township scale in the high background of heavy metals, southwestern, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2020, 41(9): 4197-4209 (in Chinese).
[54] 成晓梦, 赵辰, 吴超, 等. 典型硫铁矿区农田土壤-作物系统重金属生态风险及迁移富集特征[J]. 环境科学, 2023, 44(11): 6309-6318. CHENG X M, ZHAO C, WU C, et al. Ecological risk assessment and migration and accumulation characteristics of heavy metals in farmland soil-crop system from typical pyrite mining area[J]. Environmental Science, 2023, 44(11): 6309-6318 (in Chinese).
[55] 李杰, 朱立新, 康志强. 南宁市郊周边农田土壤-农作物系统重金属元素迁移特征及其影响因素[J]. 中国岩溶, 2018, 37(1): 43-52. doi: 10.11932/karst2018y01 LI J, ZHU L X, KANG Z Q. Characteristics of transfer and their influencing factors of heavy metals in soil-crop system of peri-urban agricultural soils of Nanning, South China[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2018, 37(1): 43-52 (in Chinese). doi: 10.11932/karst2018y01
[56] 田雨桐. 铅锌尾矿集中区周边土壤-作物系统重金属污染特征和环境风险评估[D]. 贵阳: 贵州大学, 2022. TIAN Y T. Heavy metal pollution characteristics and environmental risk assessment of soil crop system around lead-zinc tailings concentration area[D]. Guiyang: Guizhou University, 2022 (in Chinese).
[57] 程俊伟, 蔡深文, 黄明琴, 等. 贵州遵义锰矿区植物根际土壤中重金属形态迁移转化及风险评价[J]. 环境化学, 2022, 41(9): 2833-2841. doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021050606 CHENG J W, CAI S W, HUANG M Q, et al. Heavy metal speciation migration transformation and risk assessment in plant rhizosphere soil of Zunyi manganese mineland, Guizhou[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2022, 41(9): 2833-2841 (in Chinese). doi: 10.7524/j.issn.0254-6108.2021050606
[58] 蓝小龙, 宁增平, 肖青相, 等. 广西龙江沉积物重金属污染现状及生物有效性[J]. 环境科学, 2018, 39(2): 748-757. LAN X L, NING Z P, XIAO Q X, et al. Spatial distribution, sources and bioavailability of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Longjiang River, Southern China[J]. Environmental Science, 2018, 39(2): 748-757 (in Chinese).
[59] OUYANG J F, LIU Z R, ZHANG L, et al. Analysis of influencing factors of heavy metals pollution in farmland-rice system around a uranium tailings dam[J]. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2020, 139: 124-132. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2020.04.003
[60] 朱光旭, 肖化云, 郭庆军, 等. 铅锌尾矿污染区3种菊科植物体内重金属的亚细胞分布和化学形态特征[J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(7): 3054-3060. ZHU G X, XIAO H Y, GUO Q J, et al. Subcellular distribution and chemical forms of heavy metals in three types of composite plants from lead-zinc tailings area[J]. Environmental Science, 2017, 38(7): 3054-3060 (in Chinese).
[61] 杨秀敏, 任广萌, 李立新, 等. 土壤pH值对重金属形态的影响及其相关性研究[J]. 中国矿业, 2017, 26(6): 79-83. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2017.06.015 YANG X M, REN G M, LI L X, et al. Effect of pH value on heavy metals form of soil and their relationship[J]. China Mining Magazine, 2017, 26(6): 79-83 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-4051.2017.06.015
[62] 余涛, 杨忠芳, 钟坚, 等. 土壤中重金属元素Pb、Cd地球化学行为影响因素研究[J]. 地学前缘, 2008, 15(5): 67-73. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2008.05.007 YU T, YANG Z F, ZHONG J, et al. Factors affecting the geochemical behavior of heavy metal elements Pb and Cd in soil[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2008, 15(5): 67-73 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1005-2321.2008.05.007
[63] 陈建斌. 有机物料对土壤的外源铜和镉形态变化的不同影响[J]. 农业环境保护, 2002, 21(5): 450-452. CHEN J B. Effects of organic matter on forms of added Cu and Cd and their dynamic transformation in soil[J]. Agro-environmental Protection, 2002, 21(5): 450-452 (in Chinese).
[64] 余贵芬, 蒋新, 孙磊, 等. 有机物质对土壤镉有效性的影响研究综述[J]. 生态学报, 2002, 22(5): 770-776. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2002.05.021 YU G F, JIANG X, SUN L, et al. A review for effect of organic substances on the availability of cadmium in soils[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2002, 22(5): 770-776 (in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-0933.2002.05.021