中国近海和河口环境铜污染的状况
Copper Contamination in Coastal and Estuarine Waters of China
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摘要: 我国铜消费量已稳居世界前列,但随之而来的是铜带来的环境污染压力。铜污染问题不但在内陆环境逐渐突出,而且在近海和河口环境也日趋严重。通过分析近年来发表的我国近海河口海水、沉积物、牡蛎的铜含量数据,评估我国近海和河口环境的铜污染现状。数据显示,我国近海和河口环境大部分地区铜污染水平较低,但存在个别污染严重的区域。沉积物柱状样的数据显示,我国近海河口环境铜污染水平在过去几十年中呈逐渐上升趋势。铜污染已经开始威胁我国近海和河口环境的健康发展。"蓝牡蛎"和"绿牡蛎"是我国近海河口生物受铜污染影响的一个典型例子。多地发现"蓝牡蛎"的现象印证了铜污染源在近海河口环境普遍存在的观点。牡蛎受重金属污染而变色是一个值得研究的污染现象,它包含了复杂的生物学和生态学因素。本文探讨了"蓝牡蛎"和"绿牡蛎"形成的机制。Abstract: China ranks as the top consumer of copper(Cu) in the world and is now facing increasing challenges of Cu contamination.The pressure of Cu contamination increases not only in inland environments but also in coastal environments.This paper reviews the current status of coastal and estuarine Cu contamination based the published data on seawater,sediments,and oysters.The data showed that there were hot spots of Cu contamination,although the overall Cu level was low in most coastal areas of China.Sediment core measurements indicated that the levels of Cu input to coastal environments had been increasing over the last decades.Cu contamination has become a threat to coastal and estuarine environments in China.The ‘blue oysters’ and ‘green oysters’ were the good examples of how the Cu contamination affected coastal and estuarine organisms.The appearance of blue oysters' in different areas indicated the point sources of Cu along the coastal and estuarine areas.Coloring in oysters due to metal contamination was a complicated biological process and the mechanisms of the appearance of ‘blue oysters’ are discussed.
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Key words:
- Cu contamination /
- sediments /
- oysters /
- blue oysters
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