基于某石油烃污染场地的文化活动设施用地健康风险评估标准探讨
Discussion on Human Health Risk Assessment Standards for Cultural Event Facility Land-use Based on a Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Site
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摘要: 我国的城镇化进程中，城市规划的都市新区可能会建设在以往市郊工业地带的遗留污染场地之上。都市新区用地规划的复杂性，会为污染场地的调查与评估工作带来一定变数。本研究选取一处发生过重油泄漏事故的遗留污染场地，现拟改建为城市新区内的文化活动设施用地。根据场地采样调查结果，结合文化活动设施用地的实际使用情景，对场地内的土壤石油烃(C10～C40)超标点位进行人体健康风险评估。评估结果表明，场地内的石油烃存在显著的人体健康风险，但现行国家标准低估了污染物在相关用地方式中存在的人体健康风险。研究揭示了现行污染场地风险评估中用地方式及筛选值存在的“灰色地带”及其对使用者健康风险潜在的负面影响，应在国内的土壤场地调查及修复工作中引起重视。Abstract: During the urbanization process of China, the planned “New Town” in some cities may be built on the contaminated left-over sites located in former suburban industrial zones. The complexity of the land-use plans of urban new towns may cause uncertainties to the investigation and evaluation of contaminated sites. The present study chooses a contaminated left-over site from fuel oil leakage accidents, which is now planned as cultural event facility in an urban new town. Based on sample analysis results of the site, human health risk assessment is conducted on the soil-sampling points with total petroleum hydrocarbons (C10～C40) with excessive levels considering the actual scenes of cultural event facility land-use. The results show that total petroleum hydrocarbons in the studied site have significant human health risks. However, the human health risks from contaminants are underestimated upon the relevant land-use classification in current national standards. The present study reveals the existing “grey zone” in risk assessment and screening values of contaminated sites, coupling with the potential negative impacts on users’ health risks, which should arise sufficient concerns in the practice of contaminated site investigations and remediation in China.
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