中国沿海水生生物污染数据集及食用水产品的健康危害评估
Dataset on Contamination of Aquatic Organisms and Their Health Risk Assessment in Chinese Coastal Areas
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摘要: 沿海区域是污染物的汇集区域，污染物的生态风险和健康危害广受关注。亟需开展污染物的监测，评估污染的生态风险。已有研究提供了不同水域不同水生生物中各类污染物的含量数据，但尚缺乏系统的沿海区域生物体污染物含量的数据集，无法为沿海区域生态风险及其人体健康危害评估提供数据支撑。本研究通过CNKI、Web of Science和PubMed数据库，搜集了2000—2019年间沿海区域物种-污染物含量相关文献的数据，建立了中国沿海水生生物污染数据集。进一步提取了常见软体动物和鱼类的重金属含量数据，运用靶标危害系数（target hazard quotients，THQ）模型进行了食用危害评估。结果显示，中国沿海区域软体动物中的8种重金属平均浓度从高到低依次为锌（317.939 mg·kg-1）、铜（87.792 mg·kg-1）、铅（14.428 mg·kg-1）、铬（11.459 mg·kg-1）、锰（5.384 mg·kg-1）、砷（1.332 mg·kg-1）、镍（1.011 mg·kg-1）和汞（0.384 mg·kg-1）。而鱼类中这8种重金属的平均浓度梯度为锌（172.025 mg·kg-1）、铜（11.637 mg·kg-1）、铅（9.604 mg·kg-1）、锰（1.808 mg·kg-1）、镍（1.573 mg·kg-1）、砷（0.802 mg·kg-1）、铬（0.546 mg·kg-1）和汞（0.023 mg·kg-1）。THQ模型预测结果表明，重金属并不会对成人产生健康影响，唯一例外的是，砷元素污染可能会对儿童产生潜在的健康危害。综上，本数据集提供了中国沿海区域物种的污染物含量数据，为污染物引起的人体健康危害评价提供了数据支撑。Abstract: The coastal zone is a reservoir of pollutants. The pollution in the area has drawn wide attention for its ecological risk and adverse health impact. There is an urgent need for pollutant monitoring and thus the risk assessment in the area. Previous studies have extended our knowledge about the concentrations of varied pollutants in a variety of species across the area. However, dataset enriching multi-pollutants in multi-species is still lacking and unavailable to facilitate the risk evaluation in the region. In the study, we collected data on the pollutant concentration in wildlife from the literature between 2000-2019 through CNKI, Web of Science, and PubMed. These data were recruited together to compile a dataset of the pollutant levels in aquatic organisms in coastal China. Then, we extracted data on the concentrations of heavy metals in mollusks and fish commonly found in coastal areas. The target hazard quotient (THQ) model was then applied to assess the potential risk from consuming these aquatic products. The results showed that the average concentrations of eight types of heavy metals in mollusks were zinc (317.939 mg·kg-1), copper (87.792 mg·kg-1), lead (14.428 mg·kg-1), chromium (11.459 mg·kg-1), manganese (5.384 mg·kg-1), arsenic (1.332 mg·kg-1), nickel (1.011 mg·kg-1), and mercury (0.384 mg·kg-1). In contrast, the average concentrations in fish were zinc (172.025 mg·kg-1), copper (11.637 mg·kg-1), lead (9.604 mg·kg-1), manganese (1.808 mg·kg-1), nickel (1.573 mg·kg-1), arsenic (0.802 mg·kg-1), chromium (0.546 mg·kg-1), mercury (0.023 mg·kg-1). THQ model indicated that heavy metals did not show potential health risk to adults, but the arsenic in these fish products may pose a potential health risk to children. In summary, this dataset provides data on the pollutant levels in aquatic organisms distributed in coastal areas. It can facilitate the evaluation of human health hazards from consumption of aquatic products in coastal areas.
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Key words:
- heavy metals /
- coastal zone /
- health risk /
- dataset /
- target hazard quotient
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