应对南方某水厂土霉嗅味的活性炭技术
Powdered activated carbon for treatment of musty odor in a Southern China water treatment plant
-
摘要: 粉末活性炭(PAC)是应对季节性嗅味问题的主要处理技术,选择合适的活性炭、确定投加条件等因素对于水厂的高效运行等具有重要意义。针对南方某水厂存在的季节性嗅味问题,选择了国内9种常用PAC(包括3种煤质炭,3种木质炭,3种椰壳炭),对其吸附能力及处理成本进行比较,同时对该水厂在用PAC的处理效果、原有预氧化工艺(预加次氯酸钠及高锰酸钾)的影响等条件进行评价。结果表明:9种PAC中碘值为1 030 mg·g-1的椰壳炭吸附能力最强,对150 ng·L-1的2-甲基异崁醇(2-MIB)吸附容量为6.2 ng·mg-1。水厂的预氧化工艺会显著降低PAC对2-MIB、土臭素(GSM)的吸附效果(分别降低29.5%、31.6%)。综合处理效果和经济成本后,碘值为800 mg·g-1的煤质炭对该水厂水源条件下的嗅味问题处理效果最优,在将2-MIB浓度由150 ng·L-1处理至嗅阈值以下时,水的活性炭处理成本为0.3 元·t-1。Abstract: Powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption is the main technique for the treatment of seasonal odor problems, the selection of type and dosage of PAC is significant for a water treatment plant (WTP). To deal with seasonal taste and odor problems in a Southern China WTP, in this study the adsorption ability and treatment cost of 9 kinds of common PACs (including 3 kinds of coal activated carbon, 3 kinds of wooden activated carbon and 3 kinds of coconut shellactivated carbon) for 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and geosmin (GSM)removal were compared. Additionally, the influence of pre-oxidation process (sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate) on PAC adsorption was taken also into consideration. Results show that the coconut shell activated carbon with an iodine value of 1 030 mg·g-1 presented the highest adsorption capacity among these 9 types of common PACs, and its adsorption capacity for 2-MIB (150 ng·L-1) is 6.2 ng·mg-1. However, the pre-oxidation process significantly reduced the PAC adsorption capacity for 2-MIB and GSM by 29.5% and 31.6%, respectively. Through comprehensive consideration of the treatment efficiency and cost, coal activated carbon with an iodine value of 800 mg·g-1 is the most cost-effective PAC, it could remove 2-MIB with an initial content of 150 ng·L-1 down to below the olfactory threshold, and the treating cost is only 0.3 yuan·t-1.
-
Key words:
- drinking water /
- activated carbon /
- taste and odor /
- adsorption
-
[1] ARASH Z, RITA H, RICHARD S, et al.Fate of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol in full-scale water treatment plants[J].Water Research,2015,83(6):171-183 10.1016/j.watres.2015.06.038 [2] 张旭东, 张学博, 刘畅, 等. 天津滨海新区自来水嗅味事件成因分析及应急处理[J]. 中国给水排水,2017,33(13):46-49 [3] 何燕, 刘立明, 张钰, 等. 光催化降解水体异味物质2-MIB 的机理[J]. 环境工程学报,2012,6(8):2533-2538 [4] 宣雍祺, 周丽, 邓慧萍, 等. 生物粉末活性炭-超滤组合工艺对微污染水源水中嗅味物质的去除效能及其微生物 特性[J]. 环境科学,2016,37(10):3864-3869 [5] ANDREAS P, URS V.Oxidation kinetics of selected taste and odor compounds during ozonation of drinking water[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2007,41(2):626-631 10.1021/es061687b [6] 钟少芬, 莫健文, 李阳苹, 等. 粉末活性炭对水中氯酚的吸附[J]. 环境工程学报,2016,10(6):2927-2932 10.12030/j.cjee.201501023 [7] MATSUI Y, NAKAO S, TANIGUCHI T, et al.Geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol removal using superfine powdered activated carbon: Shell adsorption and branched-pore kinetic model analysis and optimal particle size[J].Water Research,2013,47(8):2873-2880 10.1016/j.watres.2013.02.046 [8] MATSUI Y, YOSHIDA T, NAKAO S, et al.Characteristics of competitive adsorption between 2-methylisoborneol and natural organic matter on superfine and conventionally sized powdered activated carbons[J].Water Research,2012,46(15):4741-4749 10.1016/j.watres.2012.06.002 [9] 中华人民共和国国家环境保护总局, 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 地表水环境质量标准: GB 3838-2002[S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社,2002 [10] 莫冰玉, 唐玉斌, 陈芳艳, 等. 磁性活性炭的制备及其对水中甲基橙的吸附[J]. 环境工程学报,2015,9(4):1863-1868 [11] 孙静, 王锐, 尹大强. 顶空固相微萃取-气质联用法同时测定城市水源水中的九种嗅味物质[J]. 环境化学, 2016,35(2):280-286 [12] 范洁, 李圭白. 高锰酸钾复合药剂与粒状活性炭联用去除水中有机污染物的研究[J]. 中国给水排水,1999, 15(1):5-8 [13] 刘立恒, 辜敏, 鲜学福. 孔结构和表面化学性质对活性炭吸附性能的影响[J]. 环境工程学报,2012,6(4):1299-1304 [14] 况敏, 杨国华, 张志学, 等. 银负载对活性炭纤维汞吸附性能的影响[J]. 环境工程学报,2008,2(7):983-988 [15] 张建锋, 王晓昌. 东莞市东江原水高锰酸钾预氧化除锰技术及应用[J]. 给水排水,2007,33(5):139-141 [16] 刘文宏, 袁怀波, 吕建平. 不同温度下HNO3 改性对活性炭吸附银的影响[J]. 中国有色金属学报,2007,17(4): 663-667 [17] 丁春生, 诸钱芬, 卢敬科, 等. 高锰酸钾改性活性炭的制备、表征及其吸附Pb2+ 的特性[J]. 城市环境与城市生态, 2011,24(1):42-46 [18] 王彤彤, 马江波, 曲东, 等. 两种木材生物炭对铜离子的吸附特性及其机制[J]. 环境科学,2017,38(5):2161-2171 10.13227/j.hjkx.201610124 [19] 伍海辉, 高乃云, 朱斌, 等. 颗粒活性炭的特性参数与吸附性能的关系试验[J]. 工业用水与废水,2005,36(4):51-54 [20] 丁桓如, 张玉婷, 靳文广, 等. 给水处理用活性炭吸附性能指标的讨论[J]. 给水排水,2011,47(9):119-125
计量
- 文章访问数: 3591
- HTML全文浏览数: 3428
- PDF下载数: 121
- 施引文献: 0