不同植物-微生物联合修复体系下石油烃的降解
Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons under different plant-microbial remediation system
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摘要: 石油烃作为环境中广泛存在的有机污染物之一,对人体健康造成严重的危害。以位于天津的大港油田原油污染土壤中筛选出的耐低温高效石油烃降解菌为供试菌株,以小麦、紫花苜蓿作为供试植物,比较不同类型植物以及不同的外源菌接种方式对石油降解的影响,并采用荧光素比色法分析荧光素二乙酸酯(FDA)酶活性随时间的变化规律。经过70 d的降解,原状土壤的总石油烃含量从30 720 mg·kg-1下降为26 800 mg·kg-1,降解率为12.76%。相比于小麦,紫花苜蓿对石油烃的降解具有更好的促进效果,降解率为24.85%。接种菌悬液后再种植植物时,石油烃降解效果接近于单独接种菌悬液处理。小麦-固定化外源菌处理条件下,降解率为21.10%,实验后期石油烃的降解速率远远高于其他处理,表现出良好的修复潜力。FDA酶活性经历了先下降、后上升再下降直至平缓的过程,并且受到种植植物和投加外源菌的影响。Abstract: As one of the organic pollutants widely present in the environment, petroleum hydrocarbon is harmful to human health. Low temperature-resistance and high efficient petroleum hydrocarbon degrading bacteria screened from crude oil contaminated soil in Dagang Oil Field was selected as target cells. Wheat and alfalfa were used as tested plants. The effects of different plant types and different inoculation methods on oil degradation were compared.We used fluorescein assay to analyze fluorescein acetate (FDA) enzyme activity changes with time. After 70 days of degradation, the total petroleum hydrocarbon content of undisturbed soil sample decreased from 30 720 mg·kg-1 to 26 800 mg·kg-1, the degradation rate was up to 12.76%. Compared with wheat, alfalfa had a better effect on the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, the degradation rate was 24.39%. Under the condition of wheat immobilized bacteria, the degradation rate was 21.10%, and the degradation rate of petroleum hydrocarbon was much higher than that of other treatments in the later stage, which showed good potential for recovery. The activity of FDA was decreased first, then increased and then decreased until it was stable, and affected by both plant and exogenous bacteria.
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Key words:
- petroleum hydrocarbon /
- wheat /
- alfalfa /
- bacterial suspension /
- immobilized bacteria /
- FDA enzyme activity
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