采煤沉陷区耕地土壤微生物数量及酶活性的空间特征
- 1. 中国地质大学环境学院，武汉 430074
- 2. 河南理工大学资源环境学院，焦作 454000
摘要: 通过野外调查和采样分析，研究了焦作矿区韩王矿沉陷区不同沉陷部位和不同深度耕地的土壤微生物数量及酶活性特征。研究结果表明: 与对照区比较，沉陷区耕地土壤微生物数量、酶活性赋存特征及微生物类群组成比例发生了明显变化。沉陷区表层（0～5 cm）、上层（5～10 cm）、中层（10～20 cm）土壤微生物总数、细菌数量均明显减少，而下层（20～40 cm）土壤微生物总数、细菌、真菌、放线菌数量均明显升高。沉陷区表层、上层土壤细菌数量所占微生物总数比例分别降低了20.64%和13.17%，而放线菌数量所占比例分别升高了20.69%和12.66%。沉陷区表层土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别降低了1.5%、17.5%、22.0%、35.3%、20.4%和5.4%。不同沉陷部位的土壤微生物数量及部分酶活性指标空间异质性显著（p＜0.05）。沉陷区土壤真菌、放线菌数量、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性较对照区均具有不同的垂向分布特征。表明采煤引发的地表沉陷使耕地土壤微生物数量及酶活性在水平和垂直方向上均发生了显著变化，而这些变化是导致沉陷区耕地退化、生产力降低的重要原因。
Spatial characters of soil microbial quantities and enzyme activity in coal mining subsided area
- 1. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074,China
- 2. College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000,China
- Received Date:
2009-11-22
Fund Project:
Abstract: Based on field investigation and sample analysis of mining soil from subsided land in Jiaozuo City Henan Province, microbial quantities and enzyme activities in different sites and layers were studied. The results showed that compared with the non-subsided land the distribution characters of soil microbial quantities, enzyme activities and compositional proportion in total soil microbe were remarkablely changed. In the surface (0～5 cm), upper(5～10 cm) and middle(10～20 cm)layers, the quantities of total microbe and bacteria in subsided land were significantly low, while the quantities of total microbe, bacteria, fungi and actinomycete in deep layer(20～40 cm) were significantly high. The proportion of bacteria in total microbe was respectively lower 20.64% and 13.17% than in contrast land in the surface and upper layers, while the proportion of actinomycete was respectively higher 20.69% and 12.66% than that. The activities of soil urease, sucrase, phoshatase, dehydrogenase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase in subsided land were respectively lower 1.5%, 17.5%, 22.0%, 35.3%, 20.4% and 5.4% than in contrast land in the surface layer. The spatial variations of soil microbial quantities and some enzyme activities in the subsided land were remarkable. Vertical distribution of the quantities of fungi, actinomycete and the activities of sucrase, phoshatase, dehydrogenase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase in subsided land were different from the contrast land. The results indicated that land subsidence in coal mining area induced the remarkable variation of soil microbial quantities and enzyme activities in the horizontal and vertical distribution, and it was the main reason that results in the farmland degradation and crop productivity depression.
点击查看大图
下载:
