废轮胎热解炭黑及其改性后的特性研究
Characterization of modified and original carbon blacks from pyrolysis of scrap tires
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摘要: 对废轮胎热解炭黑（简称热解炭黑）采用硝酸酸洗及酸洗后加入硬脂酸2种改性方法，制备出热解炭黑、酸洗炭黑及硬脂酸改性酸洗炭黑3种炭黑。运用SEM、XPS等分析手段进行了表征。研究表明，硝酸酸洗后热解炭黑的灰分从20.5%降到了4.0%，BET表面积从54.92 m2/g增大到69.62 m2/g，DBP吸收值从123 mL/100g提高到170 mL/100 g。加入硬脂酸后BET表面积和DBP吸收值略有下降。XPS结果显示：热解炭黑表面覆盖有碳质沉积物，表面官能团极性较低；酸洗炭黑表面C—C，C—H含量降低， C—OR、C—OEt和COOR、COOH官能团含量增加；硬脂酸改性后表面含碳官能团基本没有变化，但其表面双键氧的含量高于热解炭黑和酸洗炭黑。Abstract: Nitric acid washing and stearic acid modification were used to modify the carbon black from atmospheric pyrolysis of scrap tires. Pyrolytic carbon black, acid washed carbon black and acid washed carbon black modified with stearic acid were prepared. In order to study the properties of the modified samples, the carbon blacks were characterized by SEM and XPS. The results showed that high ash concentration in pyrolytic carbon black decreased from 20.5% to 4.0% after acid washing. Meanwhile, the BET surface area increased from 54.92 m2/g to 69.62 m2/g with the particle size decrease and the DBP absorption number was improved to 170 mL/100 g.Acid washed carbon black modified with stearic acid had lower BET surface area and DBP absorption number than acid washed carbon black. According to XPS analysis, the carbonaceous deposits on the surface of pyrolytic carbon black made its surface polarity decrease. Acid washed carbon black had lower C—C/C—H groups, higher C—OR, C—OEt and COOR or COOH groups on its surface. There was no much change in surface carbon groups between acid washed carbon black and acid washed carbon black modified with stearic acid. The content of surface doublebonded oxygen in acid washed carbon black modified with stearic acid was higher than pyrolytic carbon black and acid washed carbon black.
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Key words:
- pyrolytic carbon black /
- modification /
- SEM /
- XPS
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