基于水质基准的中国地表水体中林丹生态风险评估案例研究
Case Study on Ecological Risk Assessment of Lindane in Surface Water of China Based on Water Quality Criteria
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摘要: 由于过去大量使用及其持久性，导致有机氯农药林丹在我国水体普遍存在，当过量的林丹汇聚于水体时，不免抑制水生生物生长发育。为评估和保护受林丹污染的地表水体，本研究筛选收集了37种本土代表性水生生物的林丹急慢性毒性数据，依照物种敏感度排序法(SSR)及物种敏感度分布法(SSD)推导出林丹的水质基准，并运用商值法和联合概率曲线法评估分析国内典型流域中林丹水生态风险。结果表明，针对保护95%水生生物的林丹急性基准为2.34 μg·L-1，慢性基准值为0.05 μg·L-1。商值法结果表明，林丹可能在我国部分水体具有高生态风险，联合概率曲线法结果显示我国约有53.57%的水体可能使超过5%的水生生物受到林丹长期污染危害的风险。该结果可为我国林丹水质基准及地表水体生态风险评估提供基础数据和科学依据。Abstract: The massive consumption of lindane resulted in their wide presence in natural water bodies throughout China. The growth and development of aquatic organisms will be inevitably inhibited when excessive lindane exists in the water. In this study, the data of 37 acute and chronic toxicity of representative local aquatic organisms to lindane were screened and collected. The water quality criteria of lindane was deduced by species sensitivity rank (SSR) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) methods. The ecological risk of lindane in the typical basin of China was evaluated by quotient value method and joint probability curve method. The results showed that the criteria maximum concentration (CMC) and criteria continuous concentration (CCC) of lindane for protecting 95% aquatic organisms were 2.34 μg·L-1 and 0.05 μg·L-1, respectively. By comparing the exposure concentrations of lindane in domestic surface water with risk quotient (RQ) method, it was found that lindane may have high ecological risk in some surface water, and the joint probability curve method indicated that about 53.57% of the water in China may cause more than 5% of aquatic organisms to be endangered by the long-term pollution of lindane. These results provide basic data and scientific basis for the water quality criteria of lindane and the ecological risk assessment of surface water in China.
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