基于特性参数k·ECx和均分射线法的二元混合物联合毒性研究
Combined Toxicity of Binary Mixtures Based on Characteristic Parameter k·ECx and Direct Equipartition Ray Design
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摘要: 混合物的联合毒性评估是环境安全领域研究热点。前期研究发现，特性参数k·ECx可以预测二元混合物(等毒性配比)的联合毒性。本研究进一步探明k·ECx在不同浓度比二元混合物中的预测能力。本研究以盐酸苯海拉明(diphenhydramine hydrochloride, DPH)、氯霉素(chloramphenicol, CAP)、多黏菌B硫酸盐(polymyxin B sulfate, PLB)、盐酸四环素(tetracycline hydrochloride, TC)、1-十二烷基-3-甲基咪唑氯盐(1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, IL)及其二元混合物体系DPH-PLB、DPH-IL、DPH-CAP和TC-DPH为研究对象，采用直接均分射线法设计二元混合物，通过微孔板法测定研究对象对费氏弧菌的急性毒性，借助独立作用模型(independent action, IA)和相对模型偏差百分比(relative model deviation ratio, rMDR)评价混合物的联合作用。结果表明，前期二元混合物的分类法具有普遍适用性；不同浓度比二元混合物的联合毒性具有浓度水平和浓度比依赖性。组合DPH-PLB、TC-DPH的参数k·ECx的相对差异(Δ(k·ECx)%)的值域跨度分别为99.78%、61.94%，随着浓度配比的变化，混合物类型发生转变，而DPH-IL和DPH-CAP对应参数的值域跨度为52.37%和39.85%，随着浓度配比的变化，混合物类型未发生转变。简言之，Δ(k·ECx)%的值域跨度较大时，同一体系不同浓度比的二元混合物的类型/联合作用易发生转变，Δ(k·ECx)%的值域跨度较小时，同一体系不同浓度比的二元混合物的类型/联合作用不易发生转变。Abstract: The assessment of the combined toxicity of mixtures is a hotspot in the field of environmental safety. The previous study found that the characteristic parameter k·ECx could predict the joint toxicity of binary mixtures (equal toxic ratios). This study further explored the predictive ability of k·ECx in the binary mixtures with different concentration ratios. Herein, diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH), chloramphenicol (CAP), polymyxin B sulfate (PLB), tetracycline hydrochloride (TC), 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (IL) and their binary mixture systems DPH-PLB, DPH-IL, DPH-CAP and TC-DPH were used as the research objects. The binary mixtures were designed by direct equipartition ray design (EquRay). The acute toxicity of the research object to Aliivibrio fischeri was determined by microplate assay. The joint action of the mixtures was evaluated by the independent action model (IA) and the relative model deviation ratio (rMDR). Results showed that the classification of binary mixtures identified in the previous study was of general applicability. The combined toxicity of binary mixtures with different concentration ratios depended on concentration level and concentration ratio. The range spans of the relative difference of the parameter k·ECx (Δ(k·ECx)%) of DPH-PLB and TC-DPH were 99.78 % and 61.94 %, respectively. With the change of the concentration ratios, the type of mixtures changed. Comparatively, the range spans of the corresponding parameters of DPH-IL and DPH-CAP were only 52.37 % and 39.85 %, respectively, and the type of mixtures did not change with the change of the concentration ratios. In short, the types/joint action of binary mixtures with different concentration ratios in the same system are susceptible to transformation when the Δ(k·ECx)% value range is large but less susceptible to transformation when the Δ(k·ECx)% value range is small.
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