小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)耐受短期模拟酸雨及紫外辐射的光合生理特性研究
Study on Photosynthetic Physiological Characters of Chlorella vulgaris under Stress of Short-term Simulated Acid Rain and UV Radiation
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摘要: 为了解新安江流域优势藻类对短期模拟酸雨及紫外辐射的光合生理响应，选取流域分离的一株绿藻门小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)为对象，通过模拟酸雨引起的水体pH值降低(5.65和4.50)，研究了短期(24 h)酸胁迫下该种在低光(60 μmol·m-2·s-1)与高光(150 μmol·m-2·s-1)培养时生长及光合活性的响应，并探讨了上述条件下该种对短期紫外辐射(UVR)的敏感性。结果表明，相较于对照组(pH值7.10)，仅较低的pH值(4.50)显著抑制了小球藻生长并改变了其细胞形态(高光下细胞粒径显著降低)。高光培养而非低pH胁迫显著降低藻体光合色素含量(叶绿素a、叶绿素b)；光保护色素(类胡萝卜素、三苯甲咪唑类氨基酸(MAAs)整体上未受光强或pH值影响。高光培养的藻体有效光化学效率(Yield)在低pH值下显著降低，而低光处理下各pH值处理间无显著差别。低光下培养的藻，经阳光模拟器下辐射处理后(可见光(P)：87.5 W·m-2、紫外线A(UVA)：33.5 W·m-2、紫外线B(UVB)：1.91 W·m-2)，Yield在低pH值(5.65、4.50)下整体低于高光处理组，且UVR对Yield、最大相对电子传递速率(rETRmax)、光能利用效率(α)的抑制率在低pH值、低光下更为显著。研究结果表明，藻细胞经历的光环境(高、低光强)可显著影响其对水体酸化与UVR耦合效应响应。Abstract: To learn the photosynthetic physiological response of dominant algae in Xin’anjiang River basin to short-term simulated acid rain (pH 5.65 and 4.50) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR), a strain of Chlorella vulgaris isolated from the river basin was selected as the object. The response of growth and photosynthetic activity of this species to short-term (24 h) acid stress were studied under low light (60 μmol·m-2·s-1) and high light (150 μmol·m-2·s-1), and the sensitivity of photosystem Ⅱ to short-term ultraviolet radiation (UVR) treatment under the above conditions was discussed. The results showed that only the low pH value (4.50) significantly inhibited the growth and changed the cell morphology (the cell size decreased significantly under high light) of C. vulgaris in comparison with the control group (pH 7.10). High light culture instead of low pH stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigment content (Chl a, Chl b) of C. vulgaris. The photoprotective pigments of carotenoids and mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were generally not affected by light intensity or pH value. The effective quantum yield (Yield) cultured in high light decreased significantly at low pH value, but there was no significant difference among different pH values under low light treatment. The algae cultured in low light, after being irradiated by solar simulator with high photosynthetically active radiation (photosynthetically active radiation, P: 87.5 W·m-2) and UVR (ultraviolet A, UVA: 33.5 W·m-2, ultraviolet B, UVB: 1.91 W·m-2), Yield were lower than that of high light treatment group at low pH (5.65, 4.50), and the inhibition rate of UVR on Yield, maximum relative electron transfer rate (rETRmax) and light using efficiency (α) was more significant at low pH and low light. The results showed that the light environment (high and low light intensity) experienced by algae cells can significantly affect the coupling effect of water acidification and UVR.
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Key words:
- simulated acid rain /
- UV radiation /
- Chlorella vulgaris /
- photosynthetic physiology
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