2种微米级聚苯乙烯颗粒对菘蓝幼苗生长及土壤群落结构的影响
Effects of Two Micron-sized Polystyrene Particles on Isatis indigotica Seedlings Growth and Soil Community Structure
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摘要: 微塑料由于其粒径小、比表面积高、难降解等特性对土壤环境、农作物的生长都带来了危害。以菘蓝为供试植物，探究了(775.90±61.66) nm和(50.07±1.29) μm (分别命名为S组和B组)的聚苯乙烯微塑料(PS-NPs)对菘蓝种子和幼苗生长及根际土壤微生物组成的影响。结果显示，2种粒径的PS-NPs对菘蓝种子发芽率和幼苗生物量均有促进作用，S组对菘蓝叶片细胞膜的伤害率大于B组。PS-NPs的添加使菘蓝叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和过氧化物酶(POD)活性升高，且微塑料浓度越高，影响越大。较高浓度(1 000 mg·kg-1)的微塑料胁迫下，B组菘蓝叶片中3种酶活性均分别比S组高出46.99%(SOD)、61.56%(CAT)、14.91%(POD)。此外高通量测序结果表明PS-NPs的添加增加了菘蓝根际土壤微生物群落多样性，群落多样性大小为：S组＞B组＞CK，处理组与对照组相比优势菌门相同但丰度有所变化，PS-NPs的添加使放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)丰度升高，而绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)丰度降低。Abstract: Due to its small particle size, high specific surface area, and resistance to degradation, microplastics have brought harm to the soil environment and the growth of crops. In this study, Isatis indigotica was used as the test plant, and polystyrene microplastics (PS-NPs) with diameters of (775.90±61.66) nm and (50.07±1.29) μm (named group S and group B, respectively) were used as microplastic model pollutants. Effects of microplastic on Isatis indigotica seed germination, seedlings growth, and rhizosphere soil microbial composition were investigated. The results showed that PS-NPs with two particle sizes promoted the seed germination rate and seedling biomass of Isatis indigotica, and the damage rate to the cell membrane of Isatis indica leaves in group S was higher than that of B group, and the higher the plastic concentration, the greater impact. The existence of PS-NPs increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity, and peroxidase (POD) activity in Isatis indigotica leaves. At higher concentration (1 000 mg·kg-1), the activities of three enzymes in Isatis indigotica leaves in group B were 46.99% (SOD), 61.56% (CAT), 14.91% (POD) higher than those in group S, respectively. In addition, the high-throughput sequencing results showed that PS-NPs increased the microbial communities diversity in the rhizosphere soil of Isatis indigotica, and the community diversity was as follows: group S>group B>CK. Compared with the control group, the dominant bacterial phyla in the treatment group was the same but the abundance changed, as shown in that PS-NPs increased the abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, while the abundance of Chloroflexi decreased.
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Key words:
- microplastic /
- polystyrene /
- Isatis indigotica /
- community structure
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