转Cry1Ie基因玉米和转CP4-EPSPS基因大豆对斑马鱼的生态毒性
Ecotoxicological Effects of Transgenic Cry1Ie Maize and Transgenic CP4-EPSPS Soybean on Zebrafish
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摘要: 为评估转Cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和转CP4-EPSPS基因耐除草剂大豆对鱼类的生态毒理效应，以斑马鱼（Danio rerio）为受试动物，配制4种分别含有转基因玉米、转基因大豆以及相应非转基因亲本的试验饲料，并以商业饲料为对照，通过98 d喂养实验，调查斑马鱼的摄食、生长、繁殖和抗氧化酶活性，分析不同喂养阶段斑马鱼的组织病理和敏感蛋白mRNA表达水平。结果表明：抗虫转基因玉米和耐除草剂转基因大豆对斑马鱼的生长表现、肝脏、肠道和性腺的组织病理、产卵量和受精卵孵化率均无显著影响。转基因大豆组斑马鱼肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性显著高于非转基因大豆组和商业饲料组，且雄鱼显著高于雌鱼（P<0.05）。斑马鱼脏器组织中敏感蛋白mRNA的表达水平，没有随时间呈现明显的规律性变化，喂养时间与组别和性别之间存在显著的交互作用。试验饲料组斑马鱼的生长表现、肝脏中SOD活性以及mRNA表达量与商业饲料组相比有显著差异，可能与饲料的适口性和营养成分上的差异有关。总体上看，转Cry1Ie基因抗虫玉米和转CP4-EPSPS基因耐除草剂大豆对斑马鱼没有明显的生态毒性效应。Abstract: To evaluate the ecotoxicological effects of transgenic Cry1Ie insect-resistant maize and transgenic CP4-EPSPS herbicide-tolerant soybean on fish, zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model animal and four experimental diets, including genetically modified (GM) maize, GM soybean, and corresponding near-isogenic non-GM lines were prepared respectively. A commercial feed was used as a reference diet. The feed intake, growth, reproduction, and antioxidant enzyme activity were investigated during a 98-day feeding trial. The histopathology and mRNA expression levels of sensitive protein were analyzed at different feeding stages. The results revealed that insect-resistant GM maize and herbicide-resistant GM soybean had no significant effects on growth performance, histopathology of the liver, intestinal tract, and brain, fecundity, and hatching rate of fertilized eggs. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in the liver of zebrafish fed with GM soybean compared with in those fed with the non-GM soybean and commercial diets, and was higher in male than in female fish (P<0.05). There were no obvious regular changes over time of mRNA expression levels of sensitive protein in zebrafish organ tissues. There were significant interaction effects between feeding duration, diet, and sex. When comparing experimental diets and commercial feed, we detected significant differences in growth performance, SOD activity in the liver, and mRNA expression levels, which may be related to the differences in palatability and nutrient composition of diets. In general, transgenic Cry1Ie insect-resistant maize and transgenic CP4-EPSPS herbicide-tolerant soybean have no obvious ecotoxicological effects on zebrafish.
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Key words:
- insect-resistant GM maize /
- herbicide-resistant GM soybean /
- zebrafish /
- ecotoxicology
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