微塑料的人群暴露途径及其健康危害
A Review of Population Exposure Routes of Microplastics and Their Possible Health Hazards
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摘要: 微塑料污染是近几年来出现的新环境问题，但目前对人群的微塑料暴露途径及其可能的健康危害并不清楚。本文基于现有微塑料研究的相关文献，重点分析了人类通过食物摄取、饮水以及空气接触的微塑料暴露途径，估算了中国人通过海鲜和食盐可能摄取的微塑料量，并对微塑料的多种潜在生理毒性进行了综述。进一步提出了今后需要系统研究微塑料的人体暴露途径、探索自然环境微塑料浓度下的人体健康风险、关注微塑料对人体肠道微生物的影响等优先研究方向，为正确评价微塑料的人体健康风险提供了理论依据。Abstract: Microplastic is an emerging environmental pollution source in recent years. It is very significant to understand microplastic exposure pathway and its possible human health hazards. Based on the current literature on microplastics, this review mainly focuses on the exposure pathways of microplastics through food intake, drinking water and air contact. The exposure amount of microplastics through seafood and salt ingestion by Chinese people are estimated, and the potential cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of microplastics are summarized. Future studies on the priority research topics are suggested, such as further systematic study on human exposure pathway of microplastics, exploration of human health risk under the background concentration of microplastics in natural environment, and the impact of microplastics on human gut microbiome. All these topics will provide a theoretical basis for further research on evaluating the human health risks of microplastics.
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Key words:
- microplastics /
- exposure route /
- health hazards
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