双台子河与大辽河表层水体微塑料特征与分布研究
Characteristics and Distribution of Microplastics in Surface Water from Shuangtaizi River and Daliao River
-
摘要: 微塑料是全球新兴环境热点问题之一。据估算，80%的海洋微塑料来于陆源输入，而河流被认为是陆源微塑料输入海洋的主要路径之一。为揭示辽河流域水体微塑料污染特征、空间分布及其对渤海微塑料污染的潜在贡献，本文基于密度分离原理并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱方法，研究了双台子河与大辽河下游至入海口（盘锦段）河道表层水体微塑料丰度、材质组成、形态特征与粒径分布特征。结果显示：从材质上分析，2条河流共检出了17种高分子聚合物，其中以聚乙烯占比最高，分别占双台子河和大辽河表层微塑料总量的38%和32%；从形态上分析，碎片微塑料（533.08~674.25 μm）和纤维微塑料（1 054.87~1 450.76 μm）分别占2条河流检出微塑料总量的80%以上，颗粒微塑料（100.26~241.3μm）占比则低于10%，并且没有检出形状规则的塑料微珠；从丰度上分析，双台子河（（4.52±0.76）个·L-1）与大辽河（（4.74±0.67）个·L-1）表层水体微塑料丰度之间无显著差异（P>0.05），并且各点之间也没有明显的变化趋势（P>0.05）。以上研究结果表明，双台子河与大辽河表层水体微塑料污染特征相似，这为开展渤海微塑料溯源和风险管理提供了直接依据。Abstract: Microplastic is one of global environmental issues in recent years. It is estimated that more than 80% of marine microplastics are discharged from land-sources, and river is regarded as the main pathway of microplastics from land reaching oceans. In order to understand the characteristic and distribution of microplastics in rivers flushing into Bohai Sea in Liaohe Basin, the present study investigated the abundance, polymer composition, morphological characteristic, and particle size of microplastics in surface water sampled from the downstream of Shuangtaizi River and Daliao River (Panjin district) to the estuaries. Firstly, the microplastics were isolated from water samples based on the principle of density isolation, and then the polymer of microplastics were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Finally, the results showed that totally 17 polymers were identified and confirmed in all samples from the two rivers, of which polyethylene (PE) dominated in these microplastics and accounted for 38% in Shuangtaizi River and 32% in Daliao River, respectively. Among these microplastics detected in water samples, more than 80% were fragments (533.08~674.25 μm) and fibers (1 054.87~1 450.76 μm), while pellets (100.26~241.31 μm) accounted for less than 10%. The microplastics with regular shape was not detected in all samples. Importantly, the abundance of microplastics did not show significant difference among samples from Shuangtaizi River ((4.52±0.76) items·L-1) and Daliao River ((4.74±0.67) items·L-1) (P>0.05). There was also no obvious change trend of microplastic levels among sites in the two rivers (P>0.05). The present results indicated that the profile and spatial distribution of microplastics in Shuangtaizi River were similar to those in Daliao River, which provided a direct evidence for the pollution control and risk management of microplastics in Bohai Sea in future.
-
Key words:
- microplastics /
- rivers /
- surface water /
- isolation /
- infrared spectroscopy
-
-
Thompson R C, Olsen Y, Mitchell R P, et al. Lost at sea:Where is all the plastic?[J]. Science, 2004, 304(5672):838 Liu K, Wang X H, Fang T, et al. Source and potential risk assessment of suspended atmospheric microplastics in Shanghai[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 675:462-471 Alam F C, Sembiring E, Muntalif B S, et al. Microplastic distribution in surface water and sediment river around slum and industrial area (case study:Ciwalengke River, Majalaya district, Indonesia)[J]. Chemosphere, 2019, 224:637-645 Su L, Xue Y G, Li L Y, et al. Microplastics in Taihu Lake, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2016, 216:711-719 杨婧婧, 徐笠, 陆安祥, 等. 环境中微(纳米)塑料的来源及毒理学研究进展[J]. 环境化学, 2018, 37(3):383-396 Yang J J, Xu L, Lu A X, et al. Research progress on the sources and toxicology of micro (nano) plastics in environment[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2018, 37(3):383-396(in Chinese)
Victoria R, Banwart S, Black H, et al. Emerging issues in our global environment[R]. Geneva:United Nations Environment Programme, 2012 Simon-Sánchez L, Grelaud M, Garcia-Orellana J, et al. River Deltas as hotspots of microplastic accumulation:The case study of the Ebro River (NW Mediterranean)[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 687:1186-1196 Lebreton L C M, van der Zwet J, Damsteeg J W, et al. River plastic emissions to the world's oceans[J]. Nature Communications, 2017, 8:15611 Harris P T. The fate of microplastic in marine sedimentary environments:A review and synthesis[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2020, 158:111398 Hurley R, Woodward J, Rothwell J J. Microplastic contamination of river beds significantly reduced by catchment-wide flooding[J]. Nature Geoscience, 2018, 11(4):251-257 夏斌. 2005年夏季环渤海16条主要河流的污染状况及入海通量[D]. 青岛:中国海洋大学, 2007:58-63 Xia B. Contaminative conditions of main sixteen rivers around Bohai Sea and pollutant flux flowing into sea in summer of 2005[D]. Qingdao:Ocean University of China, 2007 :58-63(in Chinese)
Zhang W W, Zhang S F, Wang J Y, et al. Microplastic pollution in the surface waters of the Bohai Sea, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 231(Pt 1):541-548 韩丽花, 李巧玲, 徐笠, 等. 大辽河沉积物中微塑料的污染特征[J]. 中国环境科学, 2020, 40(4):1649-1658 Han L H, Li Q L, Xu L, et al. The pollution characteristics of microplastics in Daliao River sediments[J]. China Environmental Science, 2020, 40(4):1649-1658(in Chinese)
Xu Q J, Gao Y Y, Xu L, et al. Investigation of the microplastics profile in sludge from China's largest water reclamation plant using a feasible isolation device[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2020, 388:122067 伍成成. Mike11在盘锦双台子河口感潮段的应用研究[D]. 青岛:中国海洋大学, 2011:50-58 Wu C C. Study on application of Mike11 in tidal river network of Panjin Shuangtaizi Estuary[D]. Qingdao:Ocean University of China, 2011 :50-58(in Chinese)
Wang W F, Ndungu A W, Li Z, et al. Microplastics pollution in inland freshwaters of China:A case study in urban surface waters of Wuhan, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 575:1369-1374 Gallagher A, Rees A, Rowe R, et al. Microplastics in the Solent estuarine complex, UK:An initial assessment[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2016, 102(2):243-249 Miller R Z, Watts A J R, Winslow B O, et al. Mountains to the sea:River study of plastic and non-plastic microfiber pollution in the northeast USA[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2017, 124(1):245-251 Moore C J, Lattin G L, Zellers A F. Quantity and type of plastic debris flowing from two urban rivers to coastal waters and beaches of Southern California[J]. Revista De Gestão Costeira Integrada, 2011, 11(1):65-73 中华人民共和国水利部. 中国水利统计年鉴2018[M]. 北京:中国水利水电出版社, 2018:155-156 Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. China Water Statistical Yearbook, 2018[M]. Beijing:China Water Resources and Hydropower Press, 2018 (in Chinese)
Sutton R, Sedlak M. Microplastic monitoring and science strategy for San Francisco Bay[R]. California:SFEI Contribution, 2017 Shahul Hamid F, Bhatti M S, Anuar N, et al. Worldwide distribution and abundance of microplastic:How dire is the situation?[J]. Waste Management & Research, 2018, 36(10):873-897 Di M X, Wang J. Microplastics in surface waters and sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 616-617:1620-1627 Koelmans A A, Mohamed Nor N H, Hermsen E, et al. Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water:Critical review and assessment of data quality[J]. Water Research, 2019, 155:410-422 Scircle A, Cizdziel J V, Tisinger L, et al. Occurrence of microplastic pollution at oyster reefs and other coastal sites in the Mississippi Sound, USA:Impacts of freshwater inflows from flooding[J]. Toxics, 2020, 8(2):E35 Eriksen M, Lebreton L C M, Carson H S, et al. Plastic pollution in the world's oceans:More than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250, 000 tons afloat at sea[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(12):e111913 Zhao S Y, Zhu L X, Li D J. Microplastic in three urban estuaries, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2015, 206:597-604 Zhao S Y, Wang T, Zhu L X, et al. Analysis of suspended microplastics in the Changjiang Estuary:Implications for riverine plastic load to the ocean[J]. Water Research, 2019, 161:560-569 Wang W F, Yuan W K, Chen Y L, et al. Microplastics in surface waters of Dongting Lake and Hong Lake, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 633:539-545 Wagner M, Scherer C, Alvarez-Muñoz D, et al. Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems:What we know and what we need to know[J]. Environmental Sciences Europe, 2014, 26(1):12 Zhang D D, Cui Y Z, Zhou H H, et al. Microplastic pollution in water, sediment, and fish from artificial reefs around the Ma'an Archipelago, Shengsi, China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 703:134768 Han M, Niu X R, Tang M, et al. Distribution of microplastics in surface water of the lower Yellow River near estuary[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 707:135601 Kooi M, Nes E H V, Scheffer M, et al. Ups and Downs in the ocean:Effects of biofouling on vertical transport of microplastics[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(14):7963-7971 Browne M A, Crump P, Niven S J, et al. Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines woldwide:Sources and sinks[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, 45(21):9175-9179 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2168
- HTML全文浏览数: 2168
- PDF下载数: 74
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
