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根据《2018中国生态环境状况公报》[1],2018年全国338个地级及以上城市与2017年相比,仅臭氧(O3)浓度和超标天数比例均上升,其他5项指标浓度和超标天数比例均下降;长三角地区超标天数中,O3已超过PM2.5成为首要污染物。而从2013~2018 年,江苏省臭氧日最大8 h平均值第90百分位数平均浓度从139 μg/m3上升到177 μg/m3,上升比例达到27.3%。特别是2019年上半年O3浓度达到181 μg/m3,同比上升4.6%,为2013年以来同期最高水平,污染形势极为严峻。根据在长三角重点城市开展的研究,上海、南京等城区的O3处于对VOCs敏感的情况[2-5],研究VOCs的排放特征对解决城市臭氧污染问题具有很大的指导意义。
徐州地处江苏省西北部、华北平原东南部,长江三角洲北翼,是淮海经济区中心城市。近年来,徐州市臭氧浓度迅速上升,臭氧日最大8 h滑动均值高于全省平均水平,但对其成因及前体物的研究尚未见报道。本研究在徐州市主要国控站点附近开展在线逐时观测,对VOCs污染特征进行研究,以期为徐州市臭氧污染防治提供依据。
徐州市春季大气VOCs污染特征研究
Pollution Characteristics of Atmosphere VOCs in Spring of Xuzhou
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摘要: 运用大气挥发性有机物快速在线连续自动监测系统,于2018年5月对徐州市2个国控站点农科院、桃园路的环境空气中挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行观测,分析VOCs的浓度状况、组成特征及主要来源。结果表明,农科院和桃园路的VOCs平均质量浓度分别为105.3和108.5 μg/m3,VOCs组成结构以烷烃和芳香烃为主,对臭氧生成潜势贡献较大的物种主要是芳香烃类物质,主要来源于机动车尾气排放、溶剂和涂料的使用。应重点强化工业企业的VOCs治理,特别加强区内使用溶剂型涂料的涂装企业的整治。Abstract: The concentration, composition and the source of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of two national air quality monitoring sites (Nongkeyuan and Taoyuanlu) in Xuzhou were measured and analyzed by using online gas detection systems in May 2018. The results showed that the average mass concentrations of VOCs in Nongkeyuan and Taoyuanlu were 105.3 and 108.5 μg/m3, respectively. The composition of VOCs was dominated by alkanes and aromatics. The aromatics contributed to ozone formation with a great potential. They were mainly derived from the vehicle exhaust, solvents and coatings. It is important to strengthen the management of VOCs in chemical industrial enterprises, especially the coating enterprises using solvent-based coatings in the region.
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Key words:
- VOCs /
- Pollution Characteristics /
- Source of Pollution /
- Xuzhou
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