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黑麦草修复重金属污染土壤与废水及富集植物的微生物降解

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敬路淮, 肖伟, 田甲, 戚鑫, 肖诗琦, 晏婷婷, 张祥辉. 黑麦草修复重金属污染土壤与废水及富集植物的微生物降解[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(6): 1449-1456. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810072
引用本文: 敬路淮, 肖伟, 田甲, 戚鑫, 肖诗琦, 晏婷婷, 张祥辉. 黑麦草修复重金属污染土壤与废水及富集植物的微生物降解[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(6): 1449-1456. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810072
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JING Luhuai, XIAO Wei, TIAN Jia, QI Xin, XIAO Shiqi, YAN Tingting, ZHANG Xianghui. Heavy metals contaminated soil and wastewater remediation by ryegrass and microbial degradation of its enriched plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019, 13(6): 1449-1456. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810072
Citation: JING Luhuai, XIAO Wei, TIAN Jia, QI Xin, XIAO Shiqi, YAN Tingting, ZHANG Xianghui. Heavy metals contaminated soil and wastewater remediation by ryegrass and microbial degradation of its enriched plant[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019, 13(6): 1449-1456. doi: 10.12030/j.cjee.201810072
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黑麦草修复重金属污染土壤与废水及富集植物的微生物降解

  • 1.

    西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院，绵阳 621010

  • 基金项目:

    国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目16ZG6101

    国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开放基金项目SKLNBC2015-04

    四川省科技厅项目18YYJC0927国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目(16ZG6101)

    国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLNBC2015-04)

    四川省科技厅项目(18YYJC0927)

Heavy metals contaminated soil and wastewater remediation by ryegrass and microbial degradation of its enriched plant

  • 1.

    School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China

  • Fund Project:

  • 摘要: 为了研究黑麦草(Lolium perenne)修复复合重金属污染土壤与废水的综合利用效应，探索微生物对富集重金属黑麦草的降解效果，以复合重金属污染的土壤与废水为修复对象，利用黑麦草对土壤和废水进行修复，并考察了黑麦草的重金属含量、富集量、富集系数和转移系数。采用8种微生物对富集重金属黑麦草进行降解，考察黑麦草的失重率，黑麦草纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的变化情况以及重金属的浸出效果。结果表明：黑麦草对重金属污染的土壤与水体均具有较好的修复效果；在土壤修复阶段，黑麦草对U的富集系数最大，达到7.43；而对Cd的富集系数为2.61，对Pb和Sr的修复效果不明显；在废水修复阶段，黑麦草对U的富集量达到1 213.70 mg·kg-1 DW，U、Cr、Sr、Co的富集系数和转移系数均大于1，其中U的富集系数达到11.24。另外，里氏木霉(Trichoderma ressei)和黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)对富集黑麦草的总降解率达到60%以上；里氏木霉(Trichoderma ressei)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lincheniformis)对重金属的平均浸出率分别达到87.19%、90.58%和90.33%。在重金属污染的土壤和水体中，通过对黑麦草的循环使用，可以提高黑麦草的综合利用效率，有效减少富集生物质的产生；同时微生物对富集生物质有较好的降解能力。研究为重金属富集生物质微生物处置以及重金属回收技术奠定基础。
    Abstract: In order to study the comprehensive utilization effect of phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil and wastewater, and the microbial degradation of heavy metals enriched ryegrass, the heavy metals contaminated soil and wastewater was remediated by ryegrass, and heavy metal contents in ryegrass, as well as enrichment content, enrichment and transfer coefficients were studied. In addition, eight species of microorganisms were used to degrade heavy metal enriched ryegrass, and the weight loss rate of ryegrass before and after degradation, the content changes of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin in ryegrass and the leaching effect of heavy metals were also investigated. The results showed that ryegrass had a good remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil and water. At the soil remediation stage, the enrichment coefficient of U by ryegrass was the largest, and reached 7.43, while the coefficient of Cd was only 2.61, no obvious remediation effect occurred for Pb and Sr. At the wastewater remediation stage, the enrichment content of U by ryegrass reached 1 213.70 mg·kg-1 DW, and both the enrichment and transfer coefficients of U, Cr, Sr and Co were higher than 1, while the enrichment coefficient of U reached 11.24. In addition, Trichoderma ressei and Phanerochaete chrysosporium showed a total degradation rate of more than 60% for heavy metal enriched ryegrass. The average leaching rates of Trichoderma ressei, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus lincheniformis for heavy metals were 87.19 %, 90.58 % and 90.33%, respectively. In heavy metal contaminated soil and water, through the recycling of ryegrass, the comprehensive utilization efficiency of ryegrass can be improved, and the enrichment biomass can be effectively reduced. The microbe can degrade the heavy metals enriched plant. This study lays the foundation for microbial disposal of heavy metal enriched biomass as well as efficient heavy metal recovery.
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  • 刊出日期:  2019-06-18

黑麦草修复重金属污染土壤与废水及富集植物的微生物降解

  • 1. 西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院，绵阳 621010
基金项目:

国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目16ZG6101

国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开放基金项目SKLNBC2015-04

四川省科技厅项目18YYJC0927国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研重点项目(16ZG6101)

国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLNBC2015-04)

四川省科技厅项目(18YYJC0927)

摘要: 为了研究黑麦草(Lolium perenne)修复复合重金属污染土壤与废水的综合利用效应，探索微生物对富集重金属黑麦草的降解效果，以复合重金属污染的土壤与废水为修复对象，利用黑麦草对土壤和废水进行修复，并考察了黑麦草的重金属含量、富集量、富集系数和转移系数。采用8种微生物对富集重金属黑麦草进行降解，考察黑麦草的失重率，黑麦草纤维素、半纤维素和木质素的变化情况以及重金属的浸出效果。结果表明：黑麦草对重金属污染的土壤与水体均具有较好的修复效果；在土壤修复阶段，黑麦草对U的富集系数最大，达到7.43；而对Cd的富集系数为2.61，对Pb和Sr的修复效果不明显；在废水修复阶段，黑麦草对U的富集量达到1 213.70 mg·kg-1 DW，U、Cr、Sr、Co的富集系数和转移系数均大于1，其中U的富集系数达到11.24。另外，里氏木霉(Trichoderma ressei)和黄孢原毛平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)对富集黑麦草的总降解率达到60%以上；里氏木霉(Trichoderma ressei)、枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)和地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus lincheniformis)对重金属的平均浸出率分别达到87.19%、90.58%和90.33%。在重金属污染的土壤和水体中，通过对黑麦草的循环使用，可以提高黑麦草的综合利用效率，有效减少富集生物质的产生；同时微生物对富集生物质有较好的降解能力。研究为重金属富集生物质微生物处置以及重金属回收技术奠定基础。

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