水生植物类型及生物量对污水处理厂尾水净化效果的影响
Influence of aquatic plant types and biomasses on purification effects of tail water of wastewater treatment plant
-
摘要: 为阐明水生植物类型和生物量对污水处理厂尾水净化效果的影响，选取空心菜（Ipomoea aquatica Forsk）、苦草（Vallisneria natans L．）、粉绿狐尾藻(Myriophyllum aquaticum)3种水生植物对宜兴市周铁镇污水处理厂尾水进行净化。实验对不同植物分别设置4个生物量梯度以及无植物的对照组，考察不同植物和生物量对尾水净化效果的影响。结果表明:不同植物对污水处理厂尾水净化效果存在差异，总氮净化效果（30 d）受植物类型影响显著（P<0.05）。粉绿狐尾藻对总氮和硝氮净化效果（30 d）最好，分别为95.28%和98.50%；苦草对氨氮和总磷净化效果（30 d）最好，分别为95.30%和95.80%，且苦草生长有利于降低亚硝氮的产生量。不同生物量对尾水净化效果影响较小，空心菜、苦草和粉绿狐尾藻去除总氮的最佳生物量分别为157.50、460.80和1 120.00 g，去除总磷的最佳生物量分别为157.50，609.40和590.00 g。不同生物量对空心菜生长存在影响，高空心菜生物量到后期会衰败，而低生物量处理组在实验周期内持续生长，造成高生物量净化效果低于低生物量，建议使用空心菜净化污水时，使用低生物量处理，且在其达到最大生物量（610.00~880.00 g）之前进行收割。Abstract: In order to elucidate the influence of aquatic plant types and biomasses on purification effects of tail water of wastewater treatment plant, three species of aquatic plants, including Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, Vallisneria natans L. and Myriophyllum aquaticum were selected to purify the tail water of wastewater treatment plant in Zhoutie town, Yixing city, China. A total of 4 biomass gradients and a control without plants for each aquatic plant were set up to study the influence of different aquatic plants and biomasses on the tail water purification. The results showed that the purification effects were different among the aquatic plants, and the removal rate of TN (30 d) was significantly affected by the type of aquatic plants (P3--N by Myriophyllum aquaticum (30 d) was the highest, which were 95.28% and 98.50%, respectively, while the removal effect of TP and NH4+-N by Vallisneria natans L. (30 d) was the highest, which were 95.30% and 95.80%, respectively. The growth of Vallisneria natans L. was benefit for reducing the production of NO2--N. The removal rate was slightly influenced by the biomass of aquatic plants. The most appropriate biomasses of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, Vallisneria natans L. and Myriophyllum aquaticum to remove TN were 157.50, 460.80 and 1 120.00 g, respectively, and to remove TP were 157.50, 609.40 and 590.00 g, respectively. The biomass influenced the growth of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. The high biomass resulted in the decline and death of plants in the later phase of experiments, while the plants with relatively low biomass maintained a better growth state. As a result, the purification effect of high biomass was better than the low biomass. It is suggested that the low biomass of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk should be used, and it is also necessary to harvest before they grow up to the highest biomass (610.00 to 880.00 g).
-
Key words:
- aquatic plants /
- biomass /
- tail water of wastewater treatment plant /
- nutrients /
- removal effect
-
-
[1] 梁竞.城市污水处理厂建设运营的评价与对策研究[D].广州:华南理工大学, 2014 [2] 赵赞.人工湿地处理城镇污水厂尾水深度脱氮实验研究[D].南京:南京理工大学, 2012 [3] 李如忠，刘科峰，钱靖，等. 合肥市区典型景观水体氮磷污染特征及富营养化评价[J]. 环境科学,2014,35(5):1718-1726 10.13227/j.hjkx.2014.05.012 [4] RAHMAN M A, HASEGAWA H.Aquatic arsenic: Phytoremediation using floating macrophytes[J].Chemosphere,2011,83(5):633-646 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.045 [5] IAMCHATURAPATR J, SU W Y, RHEE J S.Nutrient removals by 21 aquatic plants for vertical free surface-flow (VFS) constructed wetland[J].Ecological Engineering,2007,29(3):287-293 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.010 [6] 武钰坤，刘永军，司英明，等. 人工湿地不同植物根际微生物群落多样性比较研究[J]. 生态科学,2012,31(3):318-323 [7] 吴伟，胡庚东，金兰仙，等. 浮床植物系统对池塘水体微生物的动态影响[J]. 中国环境科学,2008,28(9):791-795 [8] 王红莲.不同水生植物对富营养化水体反硝化脱氮及净化效果影响的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学, 2014 [9] 王国祥，濮培民，张圣照，等. 人工复合生态系统对太湖局部水域水质的净化作用[J]. 中国环境科学,1998,18(5):410-414 [10] 王文林，韩睿明，王国祥，等. 湿地植物根系泌氧及其在自然基质中的扩散效应研究进展[J]. 生态学报,2015,35(22):7286-7297 10.5846/stxb201403050379 [11] 徐寸发，张志勇，秦红杰，等. 不同生活型水生植物改善滇池草海水体的效果[J]. 江苏农业科学,2015,43(6):307-311 [12] 张瑞斌. 不同水生植物对污水处理厂尾水的生态净化效果分析[J]. 环境工程技术学报,2015,5(6):504-508 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2015.06.079 [13] 吴建强，王敏，吴健，等. 4种浮床植物吸收水体氮磷能力试验研究[J]. 环境科学,2011,32(4):995-999 [14] 刘福兴，宋祥甫，付子轼，等. 不同覆盖度生态浮床净化污染水体的效果[J]. 上海农业学报,2014,30(5):66-69 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3924.2014.05.013 [15] CHEN Y, RANDALL A A, MCCUE T.The efficiency of enhanced biological phosphorus removal from real wastewater affected by different ratios of acetic to propionic acid. [J].Water Research,2004,38(1):27-36 10.1016/j.watres.2003.08.025 [16] 宋超，裘丽萍，孟顺龙，等. 人工模拟不同种植密度下四种水生植物的生长状况及对氮、磷的去除[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2014,33(1):178-184 10.11654/jaes.2014.01.023 [17] 章文贤，韩永和，卢文显，等. 植物生态浮床的制备及其对富营养化水体的净化效果[J]. 环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3253-3258 [18] 高吉喜，杜娟. 水生植物对面源污水净化效率研究[J]. 中国环境科学,1997,17(3):247-251 [19] KARPISCAK M M, GERBA C P, WATT P M, et al.Multi-species plant systems for wastewater quality improvements and habitat enhancement[J].Water Science & Technology,1996,33(10/11):231-236 10.1016/0273-1223(96)00424-6 [20] 郑翀，王洪艳. 不同类型水生植物在人工湿地中的净化效果研究进展[J]. 广东化工,2009,36(7):121-123 [21] 袁元，钟鸿雁. 水生植物对水体pH值影响的原因探究[J]. 江西化工,2008(2):62-64 [22] 马永飞，杨小珍，赵小虎，等. 污水氮浓度对粉绿狐尾藻去氮能力的影响[J]. 环境科学,2017,38(3):1093-1101 10.13227/j.hjkx.201606098 [23] 张澎浪，孙承军. 地表水体中藻类的生长对pH值及溶解氧含量的影响[J]. 中国环境监测,2004,20(4):49-50 [24] 马凡凡.水生植物净化污水的试验研究[D]. 西安:西安理工大学, 2013 [25] 陈君.固定化亚硝酸菌反硝化菌协同除氨氮废水及生物膜观察[D].杭州:浙江工业大学, 2008 [26] 徐昇，李欣，钟萍，等. 苦草根系对硝氮和氨氮的吸收[J]. 生态科学,2012,31(3):312-317 [27] 陈俊宏，高旭，谢伟丹，等. 植物对潜流人工湿地净化微污染水效果的影响研究[J]. 环境工程学报,2012,6(2):515-518 [28] 刘阳，李丹，孙红英，等. 模拟人工湿地植物丰富度对硝氮去除及净温室效应的影响[J]. 生态学杂志,2015,34(8):2173-2180 10.13292/j.1000-4890.2015.0180 [29] 何腾霞.耐冷高效亚硝酸盐型好氧反硝化细菌及其对氮转化能力研究[D] .重庆:西南大学, 2016 [30] 肖海文，邓荣森，翟俊，等. 溶解氧对人工湿地处理受污染城市河流水体效果的影响[J]. 环境科学,2006,27(12):2426-2431 [31] 卢少勇，金相灿，余刚. 人工湿地的磷去除机理[J]. 生态环境学报, 2006,15(2):391-396 [32] 刘嫦娥，赵健艾，易晓燕，等. 静态条件下沉水植物净化污水厂尾水能力研究[J]. 环境科学与技术,2011,34(12H):271-274 -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 2797
- HTML全文浏览数: 2437
- PDF下载数: 386
- 施引文献: 0
下载:
